ABO Cataract and Lens 2

Question 1

A 3-week-old infant has a dense, visually significant unilateral cataract. To minimize the risk of irreversible deprivation amblyopia, surgery is ideally performed by approximately what age?

Accepted Answer

4-6 weeks

Answer

Dense unilateral congenital cataracts have the best visual outcomes when removed by about 4-6 weeks of age, before the critical period of deprivation amblyopia sets in.

Question 2

Which morphologic type is the most common form of congenital cataract, appearing as an opacified layer surrounding a clear nucleus, often with 'riders'?

Accepted Answer

Lamellar (zonular) cataract

Answer

Lamellar cataract involves a specific lamella surrounding a clear center, frequently with spoke-like 'riders', and is the most common congenital cataract type.

Question 3

A tall 14-year-old with long fingers and an aortic root dilation has bilateral lens subluxation. In which direction is the lens most typically displaced?

Accepted Answer

Superotemporal

Answer

In Marfan syndrome the lens is classically displaced superotemporally with zonules often stretched but intact.

Question 4

An infant with failure to thrive, jaundice, and hepatomegaly has bilateral central 'oil droplet' lens opacities. Which condition is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Galactosemia

Answer

Galactosemia causes galactitol accumulation in the lens producing oil-droplet cataracts that can regress with a galactose-free diet.

Question 5

According to the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study, how did primary IOL implantation compare with contact lens aphakic correction after unilateral cataract surgery in infants 1-6 months old?

Accepted Answer

Visual acuity was similar, but IOL eyes had more adverse events and reoperations

Answer

IATS found no significant difference in visual acuity at 4.5 years, but the IOL group had more adverse events and additional intraocular surgeries.

ABO - American Board of Ophthalmology Practice Test

ABO - American Board of Ophthalmology Practice Test

ABO Cataract and Lens 2