FREE ABO Neuro-Ophthalmology and Orbit Questions and Answers

Question 1

A 68-year-old male with long-standing hypertension and diabetes presents with the acute onset of painless, horizontal diplopia.
Examination reveals an isolated abduction deficit of the left eye.
The remainder of his ocular and neurological exam is normal.
What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Microvascular sixth nerve palsy

Answer

Cavernous sinus thrombosis

Answer

Myasthenia gravis

Answer

Giant cell arteritis

Question 2

A patient is evaluated for a suspected orbital floor "blowout" fracture after blunt trauma. Entrapment of which extraocular muscle is most commonly associated with restricted upgaze and vertical diplopia?

Accepted Answer

Inferior rectus

Answer

Medial rectus

Answer

Superior rectus

Answer

Lateral rectus

Question 3

Which of the following visual field defects is most characteristic of a lesion, such as a pituitary adenoma, compressing the optic chiasm from below?

Accepted Answer

Bitemporal hemianopia

Answer

Homonymous hemianopia

Answer

Central scotoma

Answer

Altitudinal field loss

Question 4

A 28-year-old female presents with a 5-day history of progressively worsening, painful vision loss in her right eye. Her visual acuity is 20/200 OD. Examination reveals a right relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) and profound loss of color vision. The optic disc appears normal. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Retrobulbar optic neuritis

Answer

Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION)

Answer

Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON)

Answer

Compressive optic neuropathy

Question 5

The classic triad of signs for Horner's syndrome consists of ptosis, miosis, and which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Anhidrosis

Answer

Proptosis

Answer

Lagophthalmos

Answer

Lid retraction

Question 6

A 45-year-old female with Graves' disease presents with proptosis and diplopia. Imaging studies confirm enlargement of the extraocular muscles. Which extraocular muscle is most commonly and prominently affected in thyroid eye disease?

Accepted Answer

Inferior rectus

Answer

Medial rectus

Answer

Superior rectus

Answer

Lateral rectus

A 68-year-old male with long-standing hypertension and diabetes presents with the acute onset of painless, horizontal diplopia.Examination reveals an isolated abduction deficit of the left eye.The remainder of his ocular and neurological exam is normal.What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 68-year-old male with long-standing hypertension and diabetes presents with the acute onset of painless, horizontal diplopia.
Examination reveals an isolated abduction deficit of the left eye.
The remainder of his ocular and neurological exam is normal.
What is the most likely diagnosis?