UNAR Range of Motion and Mobility

Question 1

What is range of motion (ROM)?

Accepted Answer

The degree of movement possible at a joint through its full arc of motion

Answer

ROM exercises maintain joint flexibility and prevent contractures in patients with limited mobility.

Question 2

What is the difference between active and passive ROM?

Accepted Answer

Active ROM is performed by the patient; passive ROM is performed by the caregiver

Answer

Active ROM builds strength; passive ROM maintains flexibility when patients cannot move independently.

Question 3

What is a contracture?

Accepted Answer

A permanent tightening of muscles, tendons, and joints due to prolonged immobility

Answer

Contractures develop when joints are not moved through their range, causing permanent shortening of surrounding tissues.

Question 4

How should a nursing assistant assist with ambulation?

Accepted Answer

Use a gait belt, walk slightly behind on the patient's weak side, and encourage proper posture

Answer

Proper ambulation assistance provides support while encouraging maximum patient independence.

Question 5

What is the purpose of positioning and repositioning?

Accepted Answer

To prevent pressure injuries, maintain alignment, promote comfort, and prevent complications of immobility

Answer

Regular repositioning prevents skin breakdown, respiratory complications, and musculoskeletal problems.

(UNAR) Utah Nursing Assistant Registry Practice Test