SGNA GI Anatomy and Physiology 2

Question 1

Peristalsis in the GI tract is primarily controlled by which nervous system component?

Accepted Answer

Enteric nervous system

Answer

The enteric nervous system (ENS), often called the 'second brain,' autonomously regulates GI motility, secretion, and blood flow.

Question 2

Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating gastric acid secretion?

Accepted Answer

Gastrin

Answer

Gastrin, produced by G cells in the gastric antrum, stimulates parietal cells to secrete hydrochloric acid.

Question 3

Where does bile storage primarily occur between meals?

Accepted Answer

Gallbladder

Answer

Between meals, bile produced by the liver is concentrated and stored in the gallbladder until released by cholecystokinin stimulation.

Question 4

The ileocecal valve serves what primary purpose?

Accepted Answer

Prevents backflow of colonic contents into the ileum

Answer

The ileocecal valve acts as a one-way valve preventing colonic bacteria and contents from refluxing into the small intestine.

Question 5

Which layer of the GI wall contains the myenteric (Auerbach's) plexus?

Accepted Answer

Muscularis propria

Answer

Auerbach's (myenteric) plexus lies between the inner circular and outer longitudinal muscle layers of the muscularis propria, controlling motility.

SGNA - Society of Gastroenterology Nurses and Associates Practice Test