Registered Dietitian Nutritionist Enteral & Parenteral Nutrition Support 3

Question 1

Which is the most common IMMEDIATE mechanical complication of central venous catheter insertion for PN?

Accepted Answer

Pneumothorax

Answer

Pneumothorax is the most common immediate mechanical complication of central venous catheter placement, particularly with subclavian access.

Question 2

The most common causative organisms in catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI) associated with PN are:

Accepted Answer

Coagulase-negative staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus

Answer

Coagulase-negative staphylococci (especially S. epidermidis) and S. aureus from skin flora are the most common pathogens in CRBSI.

Question 3

Long-term home parenteral nutrition (HPN) is most strongly associated with which metabolic bone complication?

Accepted Answer

PN-associated metabolic bone disease (osteoporosis/osteomalacia)

Answer

Long-term HPN is associated with metabolic bone disease caused by calcium/phosphorus imbalances, aluminum contamination, and altered vitamin D metabolism.

Question 4

Which monitoring parameters best reflect SHORT-TERM protein status and adequacy in a PN patient?

Accepted Answer

Prealbumin (transthyretin) and nitrogen balance

Answer

Prealbumin has a short half-life of 2–3 days, making it sensitive to acute changes in protein status, and nitrogen balance directly measures protein utilization.

Question 5

In an adult receiving fat-free parenteral nutrition, essential fatty acid deficiency (EFAD) typically develops within:

Accepted Answer

2–4 weeks

Answer

EFAD typically manifests within 2–4 weeks in adults receiving fat-free PN as body fat stores of essential fatty acids become depleted.

Registered Dietitian Nutritionist Practice Test

Registered Dietitian Nutritionist Practice Test

Registered Dietitian Nutritionist Enteral & Parenteral Nutrition Support 3