Registered Dietitian Nutritionist Registered Dietitian Nutritionist Medical Nutrition Therapy 2

Question 1

Which dietary fat profile is most recommended to reduce LDL cholesterol through medical nutrition therapy?

Accepted Answer

Low saturated fat, high mono- and polyunsaturated fats

Answer

Replacing saturated fats with monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats significantly lowers LDL cholesterol levels.

Question 2

The DASH diet is primarily designed as medical nutrition therapy for which condition?

Accepted Answer

Hypertension

Answer

The DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet was specifically developed to reduce high blood pressure through dietary modification.

Question 3

A patient with phenylketonuria (PKU) must restrict which amino acid?

Accepted Answer

Phenylalanine

Answer

PKU is caused by inability to metabolize phenylalanine, so dietary restriction prevents toxic accumulation and neurological damage.

Question 4

Which vitamin deficiency is most commonly associated with long-term use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B12

Answer

PPIs reduce stomach acid, which is required to release protein-bound B12 from food, leading to B12 deficiency over time.

Question 5

What is the recommended protein intake range for critically ill ICU patients?

Accepted Answer

1.2–2.0 g/kg/day

Answer

Critical illness increases catabolism, requiring 1.2–2.0 g/kg/day of protein to preserve lean body mass and support immune function.

Registered Dietitian Nutritionist Practice Test