Vision and Ophthalmology Common Eye Diseases and Disorders 2

Question 1

A 'cherry-red spot' on fundoscopy is classic for which condition?

Accepted Answer

Central retinal artery occlusion

Answer

Central retinal artery occlusion causes diffuse retinal whitening (ischemic edema) that contrasts with the intact choroidal supply at the fovea, creating the classic cherry-red spot.

Question 2

Retinitis pigmentosa classically presents with which early visual symptom?

Accepted Answer

Night blindness (nyctalopia)

Answer

Retinitis pigmentosa first affects rod photoreceptors in the peripheral retina, causing night blindness and progressive peripheral visual field loss.

Question 3

Neovascular glaucoma is most commonly associated with which underlying condition?

Accepted Answer

Central retinal vein occlusion

Answer

Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is the most common cause of neovascular glaucoma due to retinal ischemia stimulating VEGF-driven rubeosis iridis.

Question 4

Which sign is associated with hyperthyroidism-related Graves' ophthalmopathy?

Accepted Answer

Lid lag on downgaze

Answer

Von Graefe's sign (lid lag on downgaze) occurs in Graves' ophthalmopathy due to sympathetic overstimulation and restrictive myopathy causing proptosis.

Question 5

What is the hallmark finding in keratoconus?

Accepted Answer

Progressive corneal thinning and ectasia

Answer

Keratoconus is characterized by progressive bilateral corneal thinning and ectasia (cone-shaped protrusion), causing irregular astigmatism and decreased vision.

Vision and Ophthalmology Practice Test

Vision and Ophthalmology Practice Test

Vision and Ophthalmology Common Eye Diseases and Disorders 2