NSCA-CPT Human Anatomy and Physiology Diagnostic 4

Question 1

What term describes the maximum volume of blood the heart can pump per minute?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac output

Answer

Cardiac output (Q) equals heart rate multiplied by stroke volume and represents the total volume of blood pumped by the heart each minute.

Question 2

Which muscle group is the primary mover during knee extension?

Accepted Answer

Quadriceps femoris

Answer

The quadriceps femoris group (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius) concentrically produces knee extension.

Question 3

The epiphyseal plate in long bones is responsible for which physiological process?

Accepted Answer

Longitudinal bone growth

Answer

The epiphyseal (growth) plate is a cartilaginous zone where chondrocytes proliferate and calcify, enabling long bones to increase in length during development.

Question 4

Which neuromuscular reflex, when activated, causes a muscle to suddenly relax to prevent injury from excessive tension?

Accepted Answer

Golgi tendon organ (GTO) reflex

Answer

The GTO reflex (autogenic inhibition) activates Ib afferents when tension is excessive, sending inhibitory signals to motor neurons causing the muscle to relax.

Question 5

Oxygen is transported in the blood primarily by binding to which molecule inside red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Hemoglobin

Answer

Hemoglobin, an iron-containing protein in red blood cells, binds approximately 98% of all oxygen transported in the blood.

NSCA-CPT Exam Practice Test

NSCA-CPT Exam Practice Test

NSCA-CPT Human Anatomy and Physiology Diagnostic 4