NCLEX Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies 4

Question 1

Ten minutes into an IV vancomycin infusion, a client develops flushing and an itchy red rash on the face, neck, and upper chest. What should the nurse do first?

Accepted Answer

Stop or slow the infusion and notify the provider

Answer

These signs suggest vancomycin infusion reaction (red man syndrome), which is related to rate, so the nurse stops or slows the infusion and notifies the provider.

Question 2

A client takes digoxin and furosemide. Before giving digoxin, which lab result is most important for the nurse to review?

Accepted Answer

Serum potassium

Answer

Furosemide can cause hypokalemia, and low potassium increases the risk of digoxin toxicity.

Question 3

The nurse is preparing to give IV phenytoin. Which action is correct?

Accepted Answer

Give it with normal saline at no more than 50 mg/min

Answer

Phenytoin precipitates in dextrose and can cause hypotension and dysrhythmias if pushed faster than 50 mg/min in adults.

Question 4

A client on warfarin has an INR of 6.5 and is bleeding from the gums. Which medication should the nurse expect the provider to order?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin K (phytonadione)

Answer

Vitamin K reverses warfarin by restoring synthesis of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors.

Question 5

A client's TPN bag runs out and the pharmacy has not yet delivered the next bag. What should the nurse hang until it arrives?

Accepted Answer

10% dextrose in water (D10W)

Answer

D10W prevents rebound hypoglycemia when a high-glucose TPN infusion stops suddenly.

NCLEX Practice Test

NCLEX Practice Test

NCLEX Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies 4