FREE NCLEX Medical Surgical Nursing Questions and Answers
After falling from a two-story structure, a 56-year-old construction worker was found unconscious and sent to the hospital. The nurse would be particularly concerned if the assessment results showed:
A comprehensive assessment must be made by the nurse since it may reveal changes in cerebral function, elevated intracranial pressures, fractures, and bleeding. Only basal skull fractures, which frequently result in elevated intracranial pressure and brain herniation, cause bleeding from the ears.
Because older persons frequently complain of discomfort, the nurse must carefully evaluate this complaint.
In the old, degenerative changes take place. The aged may respond to pain less strongly due to decreased touch acuity, changes in brain circuits, and slowed sensory input processing.
A patient's husband queries the nurse about the low-protein diet prescribed due to severe liver disease. Which of the nurse's statements better explains the goal of the diet?
The GI tract's enzymatic and bacterial breakdown of food and blood proteins is the main source of ammonia. Therefore, a diet low in protein will result in less ammonia being produced.
Angina pectoris patient is being sent home with nitroglycerin tablets. What advice from the list below does the nurse include in her instruction?
Myocardial ischemia associated with a diminished coronary blood flow is the primary cause of angina pectoris. Nitroglycerin administration results in coronary vasodilation, which enhances coronary blood flow, in 3–5 minutes. After three pills, if the chest pain has not subsided, an abrupt coronary blockage may be the cause, which necessitates rapid medical intervention.
Among the following remarks made by the client to the nurse may be a CAD risk factor.
One of the main modifiable risk factors for coronary artery disease has been identified as smoking. It can be prevented with exercise and by keeping serum cholesterol levels within normal ranges.
After undergoing gall bladder surgery, Hazel returns from the Post-anesthesia Care Unit (Recovery Room) with a nasogastric tube in place. She still laments feeling sick. How would the nurse proceed?
One of the most frequent side effects of general anesthesia is nausea. However, stomach distention may exacerbate this problem, particularly in a patient who has had abdominal surgery. The NGT insertion aids in solving the issue. The nurse can identify the root of the issue and implement the required intervention by checking the NGT's patency for any impediment.
The patient had a Billroth procedure for a stomach ulcer. After surgery, the client's NGT drainage is thick, the volume of secretions has significantly decreased during the last two hours, and he feels like throwing up. The best nursing course of action is to:
The client's experience of nausea and the decrease in the amount of thick NGT discharge are indicators of potential abdominal distention brought on by NGT obstruction. To avoid strain and rupture at the location of the anastomosis brought on by stomach distention, this should be notified right once to the doctor.