Health Promotion and Maintenance

Question 1

A nurse is teaching a 45-year-old male client with a family history of colorectal cancer about cancer screening. Which recommendation is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Start colonoscopy screening at age 40, ten years before the youngest affected relative

Answer

Begin colonoscopy screening at age 50, which is standard for all adults

Answer

Obtain a fecal occult blood test annually and defer colonoscopy until symptoms appear

Answer

Colorectal cancer screening is only necessary if the client develops rectal bleeding

Question 2

A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to parents of a 12-month-old child. Which developmental milestone should the nurse expect at this age?

Accepted Answer

Walking independently without support most of the time

Answer

Speaking in complete 3-word sentences

Answer

Drawing simple geometric shapes

Answer

Identifying colors by name

Question 3

A nurse is counseling a pregnant client in the first trimester about nutrition. Which supplement is most critical to prevent neural tube defects?

Accepted Answer

Folic acid, ideally begun before conception and continued through the first trimester

Answer

Iron, to prevent anemia during pregnancy

Answer

Calcium, to support fetal bone development

Answer

Vitamin D, to enhance calcium absorption

Question 4

A nurse is teaching a group of older adults about fall prevention at home. Which instruction is most important?

Accepted Answer

Install grab bars in the bathroom and remove loose rugs throughout the home

Answer

Avoid physical activity to prevent exertion-related falls

Answer

Wear socks without shoes indoors to protect floors

Answer

Limit fluid intake after 6 PM to reduce nighttime bathroom trips

Question 5

A nurse is performing a health history on a 55-year-old woman during a wellness visit. The client smokes half a pack per day. The nurse's priority health promotion intervention is to:

Accepted Answer

Provide brief cessation counseling and offer referral to a smoking cessation program

Answer

Respect the client's autonomy and avoid discussing smoking unless she brings it up

Answer

Inform the client that she will develop lung cancer if she does not quit immediately

Answer

Prescribe nicotine replacement therapy without further assessment

Question 6

A school nurse is conducting a vision screening for a group of first-grade students. Which finding warrants referral to an ophthalmologist?

Accepted Answer

Visual acuity of 20/50 in one eye and 20/20 in the other

Answer

Visual acuity of 20/20 in both eyes

Answer

Visual acuity of 20/40 in both eyes, which is normal for children age 6

Answer

The child squints slightly when looking at the chart from a distance

A nurse is teaching a 45-year-old male client with a family history of colorectal cancer about cancer screening.Which recommendation is most appropriate?

A nurse is teaching a 45-year-old male client with a family history of colorectal cancer about cancer screening.
Which recommendation is most appropriate?