NCLEX-RN Practice Test 15

Question 1

A nonimmunized child appears at the clinic with a visible rash. Which of the following observations indicates the child may have rubeola (measles)?

Accepted Answer

Small blue-white spots are visible on the oral mucosa

Answer

Koplik's spots, which are small, irregular red spots with a bluish-white center, are a pathognomonic sign of rubeola (measles). They typically appear on the buccal mucosa (inside the cheeks) 1-2 days before the characteristic rash erupts. This distinctive oral finding is a crucial diagnostic indicator for measles.

Question 2

The clinic nurse asks a 13-year-old female to bend forward at the waist with arms hanging freely. Which of the following assessments is the nurse most likely conducting?

Accepted Answer

Scoliosis

Answer

The forward bend test, also known as Adam's forward bend test, is a common screening maneuver used to detect scoliosis. By having the child bend forward at the waist with arms hanging freely, the nurse can observe for any asymmetry in the trunk, such as a rib hump or uneven shoulders, which are indicative of spinal curvature.

Question 3

A clinic nurse interviews a parent who is suspected of abusing her child. Which of the following characteristics is the nurse LEAST likely to find in an abusing parent?

Accepted Answer

Self-blame for the injury to the child.

Answer

Abusing parents often exhibit characteristics such as low self-esteem, social isolation, and a lack of empathy, frequently externalizing blame for their actions. While they may express regret or remorse, genuine self-blame for the injury to the child is less common, as they often rationalize or deny their behavior. Instead, they might blame the child, other family members, or external stressors.

Question 4

A patient with Addison’s disease asks a nurse for nutrition and diet advice. Which of the following diet modifications is NOT recommended?

Accepted Answer

A restricted sodium diet.

Answer

Patients with Addison's disease have adrenal insufficiency, leading to decreased production of aldosterone, a hormone that regulates sodium and potassium balance. This can result in hyponatremia (low sodium) and hyperkalemia (high potassium). Therefore, a restricted sodium diet is contraindicated; instead, a diet with adequate or even increased sodium intake is often recommended to help maintain fluid and electrolyte balance.

Question 5

A nurse is assessing a clinic patient with a diagnosis of hepatitis A. Which of the following is the most likely route of transmission?

Accepted Answer

Contaminated food

Answer

Hepatitis A is primarily transmitted through the fecal-oral route, most commonly by ingesting contaminated food or water. This can occur when an infected person handles food without proper hand hygiene or when food is grown in contaminated water. While other routes exist, contaminated food is the most frequent mode of transmission.

NCLEX Practice Test

NCLEX Practice Test

NCLEX-RN Practice Test 15