NCLEX-PN Test #11 2

Question 1

A 6-month-old infant is diagnosed with iron-deficiency anemia. Which finding is most consistent with this diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Pallor, irritability, and tachycardia

Answer

Iron-deficiency anemia in infants presents with pallor (due to reduced hemoglobin), irritability, fatigue, and compensatory tachycardia. It is the most common nutritional deficiency in children. Risk factors include exclusive breastfeeding beyond 6 months without iron supplementation and cow's milk introduction before 12 months.

Question 2

The nurse is teaching parents of a toddler about poison prevention. Which instruction is most important?

Accepted Answer

Store all medications and cleaning products in locked cabinets out of reach

Answer

The most effective poison prevention strategy is storing all potential toxins (medications, vitamins, cleaning products, pesticides) in locked cabinets that are out of reach of children. Child-resistant caps are not childproof. The Poison Control number (1-800-222-1222) should be posted visibly, not only in a phone.

Question 3

A 3-year-old child is admitted with burns from a splash of hot liquid. The burns cover the child's anterior trunk. Using the Rule of Nines for a child, what percentage of BSA is involved?

Accepted Answer

18%

Answer

In children, the Lund and Browder chart is more accurate than the Rule of Nines due to proportionally larger head size. However, the anterior trunk in children (as in adults) represents 18% BSA. The anterior and posterior trunk together = 36% BSA.

Question 4

A child is diagnosed with Kawasaki disease. Which clinical finding is characteristic of this disease?

Accepted Answer

Strawberry tongue, bilateral conjunctival injection, and prolonged fever

Answer

Kawasaki disease is a systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology affecting children under 5. Diagnostic criteria include fever > 5 days plus ≥4 of: bilateral conjunctival injection (without exudate), strawberry tongue/lip changes, polymorphous rash, extremity changes (edema/peeling), and cervical lymphadenopathy. Untreated, it can cause coronary artery aneurysms.

Question 5

A child with suspected appendicitis complains of sudden relief of abdominal pain followed by worsening diffuse abdominal pain, rigidity, and fever. What complication does the nurse suspect?

Accepted Answer

Ruptured appendix (perforation) with peritonitis

Answer

Sudden relief of pain followed by return of more severe, diffuse pain with board-like rigidity and high fever is the classic sequence of appendiceal rupture and peritonitis. The initial pain relief occurs when the appendix ruptures (pressure release), then peritoneal contamination causes diffuse inflammation. This is a surgical emergency.

NCLEX Practice Test

NCLEX Practice Test

NCLEX-PN Test #11 2