NBME Pediatrics 2

Question 1

A 15-month-old child cannot walk independently, says only 'mama,' and does not point to objects. Which developmental domain is MOST concerning?

Accepted Answer

Gross motor

Answer

Walking independently is a 12-month milestone; failure at 15 months signals gross motor delay requiring evaluation.

Question 2

A 3-year-old presents with fever, drooling, and muffled voice. She refuses to move her neck. CT shows a rim-enhancing fluid collection posterior to the pharynx. Most likely organism?

Accepted Answer

Staphylococcus aureus

Answer

Retropharyngeal abscesses in children are most commonly caused by Staphylococcus aureus, including MRSA.

Question 3

A 7-year-old with asthma has daytime symptoms 4 days/week, nighttime awakenings 2 nights/week, and uses SABA daily. How is severity classified?

Accepted Answer

Moderate persistent

Answer

Moderate persistent asthma is defined by daily symptoms, nighttime awakenings >1/week, and daily SABA use.

Question 4

A newborn is noted to have a cardiac murmur. Echo shows blood flowing from the aorta to the pulmonary artery. Which structure has failed to close?

Accepted Answer

Ductus arteriosus

Answer

Persistent patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) allows left-to-right shunting from the aorta into the pulmonary artery.

Question 5

A 5-year-old boy has painless gross hematuria and a large, non-tender abdominal mass that does not cross the midline. Most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Wilms tumor (nephroblastoma)

Answer

Wilms tumor presents in young children with a smooth unilateral flank mass and hematuria without crossing the midline.

NBME Practice Test

NBME Practice Test

NBME Pediatrics 2