NBME Pediatrics 2

Question 1

A 15-month-old child cannot walk independently, says only 'mama,' and does not point to objects. Which developmental domain is MOST concerning?

Accepted Answer

Gross motor

Answer

Fine motor

Answer

Language

Answer

Social-adaptive

Question 2

A 3-year-old presents with fever, drooling, and muffled voice. She refuses to move her neck. CT shows a rim-enhancing fluid collection posterior to the pharynx. Most likely organism?

Accepted Answer

Staphylococcus aureus

Answer

Streptococcus pyogenes

Answer

Haemophilus influenzae type b

Answer

Anaerobic mixed flora

Question 3

A 7-year-old with asthma has daytime symptoms 4 days/week, nighttime awakenings 2 nights/week, and uses SABA daily. How is severity classified?

Accepted Answer

Moderate persistent

Answer

Intermittent

Answer

Mild persistent

Answer

Severe persistent

Question 4

A newborn is noted to have a cardiac murmur. Echo shows blood flowing from the aorta to the pulmonary artery. Which structure has failed to close?

Accepted Answer

Ductus arteriosus

Answer

Foramen ovale

Answer

Ductus venosus

Answer

Truncus arteriosus

Question 5

A 5-year-old boy has painless gross hematuria and a large, non-tender abdominal mass that does not cross the midline. Most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Wilms tumor (nephroblastoma)

Answer

Neuroblastoma

Answer

Hepatoblastoma

Answer

Rhabdomyosarcoma

Question 6

A 10-day-old formula-fed neonate develops bilious vomiting. X-ray shows a 'double bubble' sign. The most likely diagnosis is:

Accepted Answer

Duodenal atresia

Answer

Pyloric stenosis

Answer

Midgut volvulus

Answer

Hirschsprung disease

Question 7

A 4-year-old presents with periorbital edema, frothy urine, and hypoalbuminemia. Urine dipstick shows 4+ protein with no blood. Most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Minimal change disease

Answer

IgA nephropathy

Answer

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

Answer

Post-streptococcal GN