LPN LPN: Pharmacological Therapies 5

Question 1

A patient receiving IV potassium chloride (KCl) complains of burning at the IV site. What is the nurse's priority action?

Accepted Answer

Slow the infusion rate and apply a warm compress

Answer

IV potassium frequently causes burning due to its irritant nature; slowing the infusion and applying warmth can reduce discomfort without stopping therapy.

Question 2

A patient prescribed methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis should receive which supplement to reduce side effects?

Accepted Answer

Folic acid

Answer

Folic acid supplementation reduces methotrexate-induced side effects such as mucositis and bone marrow suppression by replenishing folate stores.

Question 3

A patient with a new prescription for nitroglycerin sublingual tablets asks how to store them properly. What should the nurse teach?

Accepted Answer

Keep in the original dark glass bottle away from heat and light

Answer

Nitroglycerin degrades rapidly when exposed to heat, light, moisture, or plastic; it must be stored in the original dark glass bottle.

Question 4

Which medication should be kept at the bedside when a patient is receiving IV magnesium sulfate for eclampsia?

Accepted Answer

Calcium gluconate

Answer

Calcium gluconate is the antidote for magnesium toxicity and should be immediately available at the bedside during IV magnesium infusions.

Question 5

A patient prescribed ciprofloxacin for a urinary tract infection should be instructed to avoid which substance?

Accepted Answer

Antacids containing aluminum or magnesium

Answer

Antacids containing aluminum or magnesium bind to ciprofloxacin in the GI tract, reducing its absorption and therapeutic effectiveness.

LPN - Licensed Practical Nurse Practice Test

LPN - Licensed Practical Nurse Practice Test

LPN LPN: Pharmacological Therapies 5