LPN Interpreting Lab Values and Nursing Actions 2

Question 1

A patient's serum potassium is 6.2 mEq/L. Which assessment finding is most concerning?

Accepted Answer

Muscle weakness and peaked T waves on ECG

Answer

Hyperkalemia (>5.0 mEq/L) causes cardiac dysrhythmias with peaked T waves and muscle weakness, requiring immediate intervention.

Question 2

A patient's INR is 4.8 while on warfarin therapy. What is the priority nursing action?

Accepted Answer

Hold the next warfarin dose and notify the provider

Answer

An INR of 4.8 is supratherapeutic (therapeutic range 2-3), placing the patient at high bleeding risk; hold warfarin and notify the provider immediately.

Question 3

A patient with chronic kidney disease has a serum phosphorus of 6.8 mg/dL. Which dietary teaching is appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Limit dairy products, nuts, and processed foods

Answer

Hyperphosphatemia in CKD requires restricting phosphorus-rich foods such as dairy, nuts, and processed items to prevent renal osteodystrophy.

Question 4

A patient's arterial blood gas shows pH 7.30, PaCO2 28 mmHg, HCO3 13 mEq/L. How should the LPN interpret this?

Accepted Answer

Metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation

Answer

Low pH with low HCO3 indicates metabolic acidosis; the low PaCO2 reflects respiratory compensation (hyperventilation).

Question 5

A patient has a serum sodium of 128 mEq/L. Which symptom would the LPN expect?

Accepted Answer

Headache, confusion, and nausea

Answer

Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) causes neurological symptoms including headache, confusion, and nausea due to cerebral edema.

LPN - Licensed Practical Nurse Practice Test

LPN - Licensed Practical Nurse Practice Test

LPN Interpreting Lab Values and Nursing Actions 2