IV Fluid & Electrolyte Balance 3

Question 1

Lactated Ringer's solution most closely resembles which body fluid?

Accepted Answer

Plasma

Answer

Lactated Ringer's electrolyte composition (Na, K, Ca, Cl, lactate) approximates that of plasma.

Question 2

A patient is receiving hypotonic IV fluids. Where will fluid shift?

Accepted Answer

From extracellular to intracellular space

Answer

Hypotonic solutions have lower osmolality than cells, causing osmosis to pull fluid into the intracellular space.

Question 3

Which sign indicates hypocalcemia in a patient receiving a large blood transfusion?

Accepted Answer

Chvostek's and Trousseau's signs

Answer

Both Chvostek's (facial twitching) and Trousseau's (carpal spasm) signs indicate hypocalcemia, which can occur when citrate in stored blood chelates calcium.

Question 4

The nurse is calculating a patient's fluid balance. Insensible fluid losses include:

Accepted Answer

Perspiration and respiration

Answer

Insensible losses are those not easily measured and include perspiration and water lost through respiration.

Question 5

A patient's urine specific gravity is 1.030. What does this suggest?

Accepted Answer

Concentrated urine indicating dehydration

Answer

A specific gravity of 1.030 is above the normal range (1.003–1.030) and indicates highly concentrated urine, a sign of dehydration.

(IV) Intravenous Therapy Certified Practice Test

(IV) Intravenous Therapy Certified Practice Test

IV Fluid & Electrolyte Balance 3