IV IV Therapy in Special Populations

Question 1

Which vein is preferred for peripheral IV access in neonates and infants when scalp veins are unavailable?

Accepted Answer

Dorsal hand or foot veins

Answer

Dorsal hand and foot veins are preferred peripheral IV access sites in neonates and infants due to their relative stability and accessibility.

Question 2

Why is it critical to use microbore (low-volume) IV tubing when infusing medications to neonates?

Accepted Answer

To minimize dead-space volume and prevent large unintended drug boluses during flushes

Answer

Microbore tubing minimizes dead-space volume in pediatric IV lines, preventing inadvertent drug boluses when lines are flushed in neonates.

Question 3

Which IV solution is generally avoided in premature neonates due to the risk of kernicterus?

Accepted Answer

IV solutions containing benzyl alcohol as a preservative

Answer

Benzyl alcohol, used as a preservative in some IV solutions and medications, is toxic to premature neonates and is associated with 'gasping syndrome' and kernicterus.

Question 4

In elderly patients, which factor most significantly increases the risk of IV therapy complications such as fluid overload?

Accepted Answer

Decreased cardiac and renal reserve

Answer

Decreased cardiac and renal reserve in elderly patients impairs their ability to handle IV fluid loads, significantly increasing the risk of fluid overload.

Question 5

A pediatric patient requires IV medication, and the prescribed dose is weight-based. After calculating the dose, what is the nurse's next critical step?

Accepted Answer

Verify the calculated dose with a second nurse and confirm it does not exceed the maximum single dose

Answer

Weight-based pediatric IV medication doses must be independently verified by a second nurse and confirmed against maximum dose limits to prevent dosing errors.

(IV) Intravenous Therapy Certified Practice Test

(IV) Intravenous Therapy Certified Practice Test

IV IV Therapy in Special Populations