IBCLC Maternal Physiology and Anatomy 2

Question 1

Which hormone is primarily responsible for the milk ejection (let-down) reflex?

Accepted Answer

Oxytocin

Answer

Oxytocin, released from the posterior pituitary gland, causes contraction of myoepithelial cells around the alveoli, ejecting milk into the ducts.

Question 2

During which stage of lactogenesis does copious milk production begin?

Accepted Answer

Lactogenesis II (2-5 days postpartum)

Answer

Lactogenesis II is triggered by the rapid fall in progesterone after delivery of the placenta.

Question 3

What is the function of Montgomery's tubercles on the areola?

Accepted Answer

They secrete an oily substance that lubricates and protects the nipple and areola

Answer

Montgomery's tubercles are modified sebaceous glands that secrete a lipoid fluid that lubricates the areola and has antibacterial properties.

Question 4

What role does prolactin play in milk production and how does its release pattern relate to feeding frequency?

Accepted Answer

Prolactin is released in response to nipple stimulation and is highest during nighttime feedings; frequent feeding maintains elevated prolactin levels

Answer

Prolactin is released in response to nipple stimulation, with naturally higher levels at night.

Question 5

What structural change occurs in the breast during pregnancy that prepares it for milk production?

Accepted Answer

Proliferation of alveolar and ductal tissue under the influence of estrogen, progesterone, prolactin, and human placental lactogen

Answer

The mammary gland undergoes significant development with proliferation of alveolar lobules and ductal branching.

IBCLC - Certification Exam Practice Test

IBCLC - Certification Exam Practice Test

IBCLC Maternal Physiology and Anatomy 2