GMA Syllogisms 2

Question 1

All doctors are professionals. Some professionals are wealthy. Which conclusion is valid?
(A) All doctors are wealthy.
(B) Some doctors may be wealthy.
(C) No doctors are wealthy.
(D) All wealthy people are doctors.

Accepted Answer

Some doctors may be wealthy.

Answer

Since all doctors are professionals, and some professionals are wealthy, it is possible (but not certain) that some doctors are among the wealthy professionals. We can only conclude 'some doctors may be wealthy'.

Question 2

No birds are mammals. All penguins are birds. Which conclusion must be true?
(A) Some penguins are mammals.
(B) All mammals are birds.
(C) No penguins are mammals.
(D) Some birds are penguins.

Accepted Answer

No penguins are mammals.

Answer

Since all penguins are birds, and no birds are mammals, it follows logically that no penguins can be mammals.

Question 3

All roses are flowers. All flowers need water. Which conclusion is valid?
(A) Only roses need water.
(B) Some water-needing things are not flowers.
(C) All roses need water.
(D) All water-needing things are roses.

Accepted Answer

All roses need water.

Answer

Since all roses are flowers, and all flowers need water, it logically follows that all roses need water (transitive relationship).

Question 4

Some athletes are vegetarians. All vegetarians avoid meat. Which conclusion is valid?
(A) All athletes avoid meat.
(B) No athletes avoid meat.
(C) Some athletes avoid meat.
(D) All meat-avoiders are athletes.

Accepted Answer

Some athletes avoid meat.

Answer

Since some athletes are vegetarians, and all vegetarians avoid meat, those particular athletes (the vegetarian ones) also avoid meat. Therefore 'some athletes avoid meat'.

Question 5

No fish can survive on land. Sharks are fish. Which conclusion necessarily follows?
(A) Sharks can survive on land.
(B) Sharks cannot survive on land.
(C) Some fish can survive on land.
(D) No sharks are fish.

Accepted Answer

Sharks cannot survive on land.

Answer

Since no fish can survive on land, and sharks are fish, sharks fall into the category of fish that cannot survive on land.

(GMA) General Mental Ability Practice Test

(GMA) General Mental Ability Practice Test

GMA Syllogisms 2