GMA Logical Reasoning 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which of the following logically completes the sequence? <br> 2, 4, 8, 16, __?
- 24
- 32 (Correct answer)
- 64
- 48
Correct answer: 32
The pattern is that each number is doubled. <br> 2 × 2 = 4, 4 × 2 = 8, 8 × 2 = 16, so 16 × 2 = 32.
Question 2: If all roses are flowers and some flowers fade quickly, which of the following statements must be true?
- Some roses fade quickly.
- All roses fade quickly.
- Some flowers are not roses. (Correct answer)
- No roses fade quickly.
Correct answer: Some flowers are not roses.
The statement "all roses are flowers" doesn't imply that all flowers are roses. Therefore, it must be true that some flowers are not roses.
Question 3: Which of the following is the best conclusion based on the statements? <br> 1. All cars are vehicles. <br> 2. Some cars are electric.
- Some vehicles are electric. (Correct answer)
- All vehicles are electric.
- All cars are electric.
- Some vehicles are not electric.
Correct answer: Some vehicles are electric.
Since all cars are vehicles and some cars are electric, it follows that some vehicles are electric.
Question 4: If the first two statements are true, is the final statement true? <br> 1. All students passed the test. <br> 2. Mary is a student. <br> 3. Mary passed the test.
- True (Correct answer)
- False
- Uncertain
- Irrelevant
Correct answer: True
This is a classic example of deductive reasoning. The first statement establishes a universal truth: all members of the 'students' group passed the test. The second statement identifies Mary as a member of this 'students' group. Therefore, it logically and necessarily follows that Mary, being a student, must have passed the test.
Question 5: Which of the following statements is logically inconsistent with the others? <br> 1. All dogs bark. <br> 2. Some dogs are quiet. <br> 3. Some dogs do not bark. <br> 4. No dogs are quiet.
- Statement 1
- Statement 2
- Statement 3
- Statement 4 (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Statement 4
Statement 4, 'No dogs are quiet,' is logically inconsistent with Statement 2, 'Some dogs are quiet.' These two statements are direct contradictories; if one is true, the other must be false, and they cannot both be true simultaneously. While Statement 1 ('All dogs bark') and Statement 3 ('Some dogs do not bark') are also contradictory, the question asks for *the* inconsistent statement, and the contradiction between a universal negative (Statement 4) and a particular affirmative (Statement 2) is a fundamental logical inconsistency.
GMA Logical Reasoning 1
Which of the following logically completes the sequence?
2, 4, 8, 16, __?