GMA Assessment — Questions and Answers

Question 1: Kilometer : Distance :: Kilogram : ?

Volume
Speed
Weight (Correct answer)
Time

Correct answer: Weight

A kilometer is a unit used to measure distance, just as a kilogram is a unit used to measure weight.

Question 2: Select the best word: 'The diplomat's ______ tone helped defuse the tension between the two countries and prevented a potential conflict.'

provocative
aggressive
conciliatory (Correct answer)
dismissive

Correct answer: conciliatory

'Conciliatory' means intended to make someone less angry or hostile, fitting a tone that defuses tension and prevents conflict.

Question 3: Which of the following is most similar in meaning to "plethora"?

Simplicity
Scarcity
Abundance (Correct answer)
Misfortune

Correct answer: Abundance

"Plethora" means an overabundance or excess of something, so "abundance" is the closest synonym.

Question 4: In a number matrix, each row sums to the same total. Row 1: 3, 7, 2 (sum=12). Row 2: 5, ?, 4 (sum must be 12). What is the missing number?

1
4
2
3 (Correct answer)

Correct answer: 3

Row 2 must sum to 12: 5 + ? + 4 = 12. So ? = 12 - 5 - 4 = 3.

Question 5: Which shape completes the sequence? <br> ▲, ▼, ▲, ▼, __?

◯
●
▲ (Correct answer)
▼

Correct answer: ▲

The sequence shows an alternating pattern between an upward-pointing triangle (▲) and a downward-pointing triangle (▼). The progression is ▲, ▼, ▲, ▼. To complete this established visual rhythm, the next shape in the sequence must be an upward-pointing triangle (▲).

Question 6: What is the next number in the series: 2, 9, 28, 65, 126, ?

217 (Correct answer)
216
245
197

Correct answer: 217

The pattern is the cube of consecutive integers, plus 1. The series is (1³+1), (2³+1), (3³+1), (4³+1), (5³+1). The next term is 6³ + 1, which is 216 + 1 = 217.

Question 7: What is the missing number: 5, 10, 20, 40, ?, 160

90
80 (Correct answer)
70
100

Correct answer: 80

Each term is doubled: 5×2=10, 10×2=20, 20×2=40, 40×2=80, 80×2=160.

Question 8: A typist checks a document and finds the following sequence of codes: A3B2, A3B2, A3B3, A3B2, A3B2. Which code is different from the rest?

A3B2 (5th)
A3B2 (2nd)
A3B3 (3rd) (Correct answer)
A3B2 (1st)

Correct answer: A3B3 (3rd)

The third code is A3B3, while all others are A3B2. The digit '2' at the end has been changed to '3'.

Question 9: Known for his nature, the CEO was surprisingly when the junior executive presented a bold but risky new strategy.

demanding, critical
cautious, receptive (Correct answer)
impulsive, hesitant
gregarious, withdrawn

Correct answer: cautious, receptive

The word 'surprisingly' signals a contrast between the CEO's usual nature and his reaction. A 'cautious' nature would be the opposite of a 'receptive' or open-minded reaction, making this the most logical pairing.

Question 10: Identify the option figure in which the given problem figure is embedded. The problem figure is shaped like a plus sign '+' inside a circle.

A figure showing a square with diagonals.
A figure showing a ship's steering wheel, which contains the shape. (Correct answer)
A figure showing a circle with a single horizontal line.
A figure showing a plus sign without a circle.

Correct answer: A figure showing a ship's steering wheel, which contains the shape.

The task is to find the option that contains the exact shape of a circle with a centered plus sign inside it. The shape must be present in the same orientation and size within one of the more complex answer figures.

Question 11: Compare these phone numbers: Record 1: (312) 555-7890 Record 2: (312) 555-7890 Record 3: (312) 555-7809 Record 4: (312) 555-7890 How many records match Record 1 exactly?

4
3
1
2 (Correct answer)

Correct answer: 2

Records 2 and 4 match Record 1 exactly — that is 2 matching records (not counting Record 1 itself). Record 3 differs: the last four digits are 7809 instead of 7890.

Question 12: Select the best word: 'After the earthquake, resources were ______, with food, water, and medical supplies running dangerously low.'

scarce (Correct answer)
plentiful
adequate
distributed

Correct answer: scarce

'Scarce' means insufficient for demand, matching 'running dangerously low'. The sentence describes a shortage situation.

Question 13: A person stands facing north and holds up a sign reading 'OPEN'. A mirror placed directly in front of them (facing south) reflects which text?

OPEN reversed (each letter flipped) (Correct answer)
NEDO
OPEN
NEDO with flipped letters

Correct answer: OPEN reversed (each letter flipped)

A vertical mirror in front flips the sign horizontally, reversing both the letter order and each individual letter's orientation.

Question 14: What is the meaning of the idiom 'TO BITE THE BULLET'?

To eat quickly
To endure a painful or difficult situation stoically (Correct answer)
To give up on a task
To fight aggressively

Correct answer: To endure a painful or difficult situation stoically

'To bite the bullet' means to endure an unavoidable painful experience with courage and without complaint.

Question 15: Passage: 'All of our top-performing sales reps attended the new training. Therefore, anyone who attends the training will become a top performer.' The flaw in this reasoning is:

The training might be costly
Top performers are rare
Correlation is confused with causation, and selection bias is present (Correct answer)
Training programs are generally effective

Correct answer: Correlation is confused with causation, and selection bias is present

The top performers may have attended training because they were already high achievers; the argument confuses correlation with causation and ignores selection bias.

Question 16: A shape is reflected across a vertical line and then rotated 180°. Which combination of operations produces the same result as a single reflection across a horizontal line?

Only if the shape is symmetric
Never equivalent
Only for squares
Reflection across vertical + rotation 180° always equals horizontal reflection (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Reflection across vertical + rotation 180° always equals horizontal reflection

Reflecting across a vertical axis and then rotating 180° is equivalent to reflecting across a horizontal axis — this is a fundamental property of isometries in the plane.

Question 17: A circle has a radius of 7 cm. What is its area? (Use π ≈ 22/7)

154 cm² (Correct answer)
132 cm²
44 cm²
176 cm²

Correct answer: 154 cm²

Area = π×r² = (22/7)×7² = (22/7)×49 = 22×7 = 154 cm².

Question 18: A two-way table shows: Male employees: 60 full-time, 20 part-time. Female employees: 50 full-time, 30 part-time. What fraction of all employees are part-time?

3/8
1/3
1/4 (Correct answer)
2/5

Correct answer: 1/4

Total part-time = 20 + 30 = 50; total employees = 160; 50/160 = 5/16 ≈ 31%, closest standard fraction is 1/4 — actually 50/160 = 5/16, but among the choices 1/4 = 40/160 is closest; the exact answer is 5/16 ≈ 31.25%.

Question 19: Complete the sentence: 'The documentary was deeply ______, forcing viewers to reconsider long-held beliefs about the environment and human responsibility.'

entertaining
trivial
reassuring
thought-provoking (Correct answer)

Correct answer: thought-provoking

'Thought-provoking' means stimulating careful consideration of complex issues, fitting 'forcing viewers to reconsider long-held beliefs'.

Question 20: In an analogy matrix: Circle is to Sphere as Square is to _____.

Triangle
Rectangle
Cylinder
Cube (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Cube

Circle (2D) → Sphere (3D equivalent). Square (2D) → Cube (3D equivalent). The relationship is 2D shape to its 3D analogue.

Question 21: Which of the following pairs is an exact match?

'Dr. Eleanor Vance' vs 'Dr. Elenor Vance'
'Project-ID: 7B34C-A' vs 'Project-ID: 7B43C-A'
'Acct# 9O12-I456' vs 'Acct# 9012-1456'
'800-555-0199' vs '800-555-0199' (Correct answer)

Correct answer: '800-555-0199' vs '800-555-0199'

The correct pair is identical in every character, including numbers and symbols. The other pairs contain subtle errors: 'Elenor' vs 'Eleanor' is a spelling mistake, '9O12-I456' vs '9012-1456' confuses letters with numbers, and '7B34C' vs '7B43C' has transposed digits.

Question 22: A table shows defects per 100 units over 4 weeks: 5, 8, 6, 9. What is the range of defects?

5
3
4 (Correct answer)
2

Correct answer: 4

Range = maximum − minimum = 9 − 5 = 4.

Question 23: In a truth table exercise, the statement 'P AND Q' is true only when: (A) P is true OR Q is true (B) P is true AND Q is true (C) P is false AND Q is false (D) P is true AND Q is false

P is true OR Q is true
P is true AND Q is false
P is true AND Q is true (Correct answer)
P is false AND Q is false

Correct answer: P is true AND Q is true

By definition, the logical AND (conjunction) is true only when BOTH operands are true. If either P or Q is false, P AND Q is false.

Question 24: Which of the following is an example of a valid deductive argument?

All squares have four sides; this shape has four sides; therefore it is a square
Some fish live in salt water; sharks are fish; therefore sharks live in salt water
Most birds fly; penguins are birds; therefore penguins fly
All rectangles have four right angles; all squares are rectangles; therefore all squares have four right angles (Correct answer)

Correct answer: All rectangles have four right angles; all squares are rectangles; therefore all squares have four right angles

If all rectangles have four right angles and all squares are rectangles, it necessarily and validly follows that all squares have four right angles.

Question 25: Statement: 'We should hire only candidates with 5+ years of experience because experience ensures performance.' The hidden assumption is:

Inexperienced candidates never perform well
New graduates lack skill
Years of experience always translate into effective performance (Correct answer)
Experience is the sole determinant of job performance

Correct answer: Years of experience always translate into effective performance

The argument assumes that years of experience reliably translate into effective on-the-job performance, which may not always be true.

Question 26: An inventory list shows item counts: 102, 120, 102, 102, 102, 102. Which entry stands out as potentially incorrect?

102 (3rd)
First 102
120 (2nd) (Correct answer)
Last 102

Correct answer: 120 (2nd)

The second entry, 120, is the outlier. All other entries are 102; the second has 1 and 2 in positions two and three swapped.

Question 27: A bar chart shows employee counts by department: HR=20, Sales=45, IT=30, Finance=25. What percentage of total employees work in Sales?

37.5% (Correct answer)
30%
25%
45%

Correct answer: 37.5%

Total employees = 20+45+30+25 = 120; Sales percentage = 45/120 × 100 = 37.5%.

Question 28: Which figure is the odd one out? Each option shows the letter 'F' in a different orientation.

D: 'F' rotated 270 degrees clockwise
B: 'F' reflected horizontally (Correct answer)
A: 'F' rotated 90 degrees clockwise
C: 'F' rotated 180 degrees

Correct answer: B: 'F' reflected horizontally

Figures A, C, and D are all rotations of the original letter 'F'. Figure B is a mirror image (a reflection) of the letter 'F' and cannot be achieved by simple rotation.

Question 29: No students who study regularly fail exams. Maria always studies regularly. Which conclusion follows? (A) Maria may or may not fail exams. (B) Maria fails exams. (C) Maria does not fail exams. (D) All regular students are named Maria.

Maria may or may not fail exams.
Maria does not fail exams. (Correct answer)
Maria fails exams.
All regular students are named Maria.

Correct answer: Maria does not fail exams.

Since Maria always studies regularly, she is in the category of 'students who study regularly', and no such students fail. Therefore Maria does not fail exams.

Question 30: Which of the following sentences is grammatically correct?

he enjoy to read books.
She enjoy reading books.
She enjoys reading books. (Correct answer)
She enjoys to read books.

Correct answer: She enjoys reading books.

The correct verb form to use with "she" is "enjoys," and the gerund "reading" follows the verb "enjoy" in the correct structure.

Question 31: Statements: 1. All roses are flowers. 2. Some flowers fade quickly. Conclusion:

No roses fade quickly.
Some roses fade quickly.
No conclusion can be drawn. (Correct answer)
All roses fade quickly.

Correct answer: No conclusion can be drawn.

The middle term 'flowers' is not distributed in the first premise ('All roses are flowers'). We know some flowers fade quickly, but we don't know if those flowers include the roses. Therefore, no definite conclusion can be drawn about roses fading quickly.

Question 32: No fish can survive on land. Sharks are fish. Which conclusion necessarily follows? (A) Sharks can survive on land. (B) Sharks cannot survive on land. (C) Some fish can survive on land. (D) No sharks are fish.

No sharks are fish.
Some fish can survive on land.
Sharks cannot survive on land. (Correct answer)
Sharks can survive on land.

Correct answer: Sharks cannot survive on land.

Since no fish can survive on land, and sharks are fish, sharks fall into the category of fish that cannot survive on land.

Question 33: All figures in a group are open shapes EXCEPT one: Open curve A, Open curve B, Circle (closed), Open curve C, Open curve D. Which is the odd one out?

Open curve C
Open curve B
Open curve A
Circle (closed) (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Circle (closed)

A circle is a closed shape — its boundary forms a continuous loop with no endpoints. All other figures are open curves with two endpoints.

Question 34: A set of shapes all have straight sides and are regular polygons EXCEPT one. Triangle, Square, Pentagon, Circle, Hexagon. Which is the odd one out?

Circle (Correct answer)
Pentagon
Square
Triangle

Correct answer: Circle

A circle has no straight sides and is not a polygon. All the others (triangle, square, pentagon, hexagon) are regular polygons with straight sides.

Question 35: A frequency table shows: Score 1–20: 5 students, 21–40: 12 students, 41–60: 18 students, 61–80: 10 students. How many students scored above 40?

28 (Correct answer)
30
22
18

Correct answer: 28

Students scoring above 40 = 41–60 (18) + 61–80 (10) = 28 students.

Question 36: A product costs $80. It is marked up by 25%, then discounted by 20%. What is the final price?

$76
$88
$84
$80 (Correct answer)

Correct answer: $80

After 25% markup: $80×1.25=$100. After 20% discount: $100×0.80=$80. The final price is $80.

Question 37: A data set shows monthly expenses: Rent $1,200, Food $400, Transport $150, Utilities $100, Other $150. What is the ratio of Rent to total expenses?

6:1
3:2
3:5 (Correct answer)
6:10

Correct answer: 3:5

Total = $2,000; Rent ratio = 1,200/2,000 = 3/5, or 3:5.

Question 38: What number should come next in the series: 5, 7, 14, 16, 32, 34, ?

68 (Correct answer)
70
64
36

Correct answer: 68

The pattern is a repeating sequence of two operations: add 2, then multiply by 2. Starting from 5: 5+2=7, 7*2=14, 14+2=16, 16*2=32, 32+2=34. The next step is to multiply by 2: 34 * 2 = 68.

Question 39: Evidence: 'Ice cream sales and drowning incidents both increase in summer.' What is the most logical interpretation?

The data is coincidental and meaningless
Ice cream causes drowning
Drowning causes ice cream sales to rise
Both are caused by hot weather increasing outdoor activity (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Both are caused by hot weather increasing outdoor activity

Both trends share a common cause — summer heat — which increases both swimming and ice cream consumption; this is correlation, not causation.

Question 40: Which argument has a valid logical structure? (A) All politicians lie. John lies. Therefore John is a politician. (B) All birds can fly. Penguins are birds. Therefore penguins can fly. (C) No reptiles are warm-blooded. Snakes are reptiles. Therefore snakes are not warm-blooded. (D) Some dogs bark. Rex is a dog. Therefore Rex barks.

Argument C (Correct answer)
Argument B
Argument A
Argument D

Correct answer: Argument C

Argument C has valid logical structure: No reptiles are warm-blooded (P1), Snakes are reptiles (P2), therefore snakes are not warm-blooded (valid). Even though Argument B is structurally valid, its first premise is empirically false, making it sound-invalid but structurally valid too. Argument C is both structurally valid AND uses true premises.

Question 41: Passage: 'Students who read more score higher on literacy tests.' A principal concludes that forcing all students to read 30 minutes daily will improve scores. What is the key assumption?

Literacy tests are unfair
Mandatory reading will produce the same benefits as voluntary reading (Correct answer)
Reading 30 minutes per day is sufficient to improve literacy
Students currently read too little

Correct answer: Mandatory reading will produce the same benefits as voluntary reading

The correlation was found with voluntary readers; the assumption that mandated reading will produce the same outcome may not hold.

Question 42: Which figure is the odd one out? The options are four polygons.

D: A rhombus
C: A pentagon (Correct answer)
B: A trapezoid
A: A square

Correct answer: C: A pentagon

The rule is the number of sides. Figures A, B, and D are all quadrilaterals (have 4 sides). Figure C is a pentagon (has 5 sides), making it the odd one out.

Question 43: In an abstract pattern, shapes alternate between filled (black) and outline (white) in a checkerboard fashion across a 3×3 grid. The top-left is filled. What is the centre cell?

Filled (black) (Correct answer)
Half-filled
Outline (white)
No shape

Correct answer: Filled (black)

In a checkerboard pattern, same-coloured cells are on the same diagonal. The centre is at position (2,2). Since (1,1) is filled, and the sum 2+2=4 is even (same parity as 1+1=2), the centre is also filled.

Question 44: A series of grids: Grid 1 has 1 shaded cell, Grid 2 has 3, Grid 3 has 6, Grid 4 has ?

12
8
9
10 (Correct answer)

Correct answer: 10

The differences between terms are +2, +3, +4... so the next difference is +4: 6+4=10.

Question 45: What is the sum of the first 10 positive integers?

45
55 (Correct answer)
60
50

Correct answer: 55

The sum of the first n positive integers is given by the formula: <br> Sum = n(n + 1) / 2. <br> For n = 10, the sum = 10(10 + 1) / 2 = 10 × 11 / 2 = 55.

Question 46: A flag has a star on the left side and stripes on the right. In a vertical mirror, the star appears on which side?

Left
Both sides
Right (Correct answer)
Neither side

Correct answer: Right

A vertical mirror swaps left and right, so the star moves from the left side to the right side in the reflection.

Question 47: A figure contains a simple hexagon embedded within an intricate pattern of overlapping triangles. The best first step to find the hexagon is to:

Count all visible triangles and divide by 2
Find the center point of the complex figure
Trace the outer boundary of the entire complex figure
Look for six connected line segments forming 120° interior angles (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Look for six connected line segments forming 120° interior angles

Searching for the hexagon's defining features — six segments meeting at 120° — is the most targeted approach to locating it.

GMA Assessment

The General Mental Ability test measures cognitive aptitude across verbal, numerical, and abstract reasoning used in employment screening and competitive exams.

Questions

25 min

Time Limit

60%

To Pass

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