ExCPT Pharmacology MCQ

Question 1

Which of the following is a common pharmacologic effect of beta-blockers such as metoprolol?

Accepted Answer

Decrease heart rate and blood pressure.

Answer

Beta-blockers like metoprolol work by blocking beta-adrenergic receptors, primarily in the heart. This action reduces the heart's workload by decreasing heart rate and myocardial contractility. Consequently, this leads to a reduction in blood pressure and cardiac output.

Question 2

Lisinopril, commonly dispensed by pharmacy technicians, belongs to which drug class?

Accepted Answer

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor

Answer

Lisinopril is an Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, identifiable by its '-pril' suffix. ACE inhibitors work by blocking the enzyme that converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor. This leads to vasodilation and a decrease in blood pressure, making them effective for hypertension and heart failure.

Question 3

Which statement best describes the pharmacology of a Schedule II opioid such as oxycodone?

Accepted Answer

They provide strong analgesia with high abuse potential.

Answer

Schedule II opioids, such as oxycodone, are potent analgesics used for severe pain. Due to their strong pain-relieving properties and significant effects on the central nervous system, they carry a high potential for abuse and physical or psychological dependence. This classification reflects their therapeutic benefits alongside their inherent risks.

Question 4

Which of the following is a key counseling point for a patient starting warfarin therapy?

Accepted Answer

Maintain a consistent intake of vitamin K–containing foods.

Answer

Warfarin is an anticoagulant that works by interfering with vitamin K-dependent clotting factors. Therefore, maintaining a consistent intake of vitamin K-containing foods is crucial to ensure stable therapeutic effects and prevent fluctuations in its effectiveness. Significant changes in vitamin K intake can either increase the risk of bleeding or reduce the drug's efficacy.

Question 5

Which dosage form is specifically designed to release medication slowly over an extended period?

Accepted Answer

Extended-release tablet or capsule

Answer

Extended-release (ER) or sustained-release (SR) tablets and capsules are specifically formulated to release medication slowly over an extended period. This design allows for less frequent dosing, maintains more consistent drug levels in the body, and can improve patient adherence. Other dosage forms like immediate-release or enteric-coated tablets have different release profiles.

ExCPT Practice Test

ExCPT Practice Test

ExCPT Pharmacology MCQ