EFM Fetal Oxygenation and Acid-Base Balance

Question 1

What is the normal pH range for umbilical artery blood at delivery?

Accepted Answer

7.25 – 7.35

Answer

A normal umbilical artery pH at delivery is 7.25–7.35, reflecting adequate fetal acid-base status.

Question 2

Which type of acidosis is characterized by an elevated PCO2 and normal base deficit in fetal cord blood?

Accepted Answer

Respiratory acidosis

Answer

Respiratory acidosis results from acute CO2 accumulation (elevated PCO2) without significant base deficit, often due to transient cord compression.

Question 3

The primary mechanism by which oxygen crosses the placenta from mother to fetus is:

Accepted Answer

Simple diffusion

Answer

Oxygen crosses the placental membrane via simple diffusion down a partial pressure gradient from maternal to fetal blood.

Question 4

A base deficit greater than which value is considered significant for metabolic acidosis in the newborn?

Accepted Answer

12 mmol/L

Answer

A base deficit greater than 12 mmol/L in umbilical artery blood is the threshold associated with significant metabolic acidosis and potential neonatal morbidity.

Question 5

Which fetal blood vessel carries oxygenated blood FROM the placenta TO the fetus?

Accepted Answer

Umbilical vein

Answer

The umbilical vein carries oxygenated, nutrient-rich blood from the placenta to the fetus.

EFM - Electronic Fetal Monitoring Practice Test

EFM - Electronic Fetal Monitoring Practice Test

EFM Fetal Oxygenation and Acid-Base Balance