CPHQ Patient Safety Principles 3

Question 1

Which framework specifically addresses human error in complex sociotechnical systems by categorizing failures as person-based or system-based?

Accepted Answer

James Reason's Human Error Model

Answer

James Reason's model distinguishes between person-centered approaches (blame the individual) and system approaches (fix the organization).

Question 2

In a hospital, nurses routinely skip the two-patient identifier check because it slows workflow. Over time staff accept this as normal. This phenomenon is called:

Accepted Answer

Normalization of deviance

Answer

Normalization of deviance occurs when unsafe workarounds become accepted as the norm because no immediate harm results.

Question 3

Which element is REQUIRED for a valid informed consent process in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Disclosure of material risks, benefits, and alternatives

Answer

Valid informed consent requires disclosure of material risks, benefits, and alternatives so the patient can make a voluntary, informed decision.

Question 4

A hospital implements standardized handoff communication using SBAR. This intervention primarily targets which safety risk?

Accepted Answer

Communication failures during care transitions

Answer

SBAR (Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation) provides a structured format to reduce communication failures during patient handoffs.

Question 5

Which proactive risk assessment tool assigns a Risk Priority Number (RPN) by multiplying severity, occurrence, and detectability scores?

Accepted Answer

Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA)

Answer

FMEA calculates an RPN (Severity × Occurrence × Detection) to prioritize which failure modes require the most urgent mitigation.

CPHQ - Certified Professional in Healthcare Quality Practice Test

CPHQ - Certified Professional in Healthcare Quality Practice Test

CPHQ Patient Safety Principles 3