CFRN Critical Care Medications and Pharmacology 3

Question 1

Which electrolyte imbalance is most commonly associated with torsades de pointes?

Accepted Answer

Hypomagnesemia

Answer

Hypomagnesemia prolongs the QT interval and is the most common electrolyte trigger for torsades de pointes; magnesium sulfate is the treatment.

Question 2

A transport patient on a fentanyl infusion develops rigidity of the chest wall. What is the immediate treatment?

Accepted Answer

Administer naloxone and/or a neuromuscular blocking agent

Answer

Opioid-induced chest wall rigidity (wooden chest syndrome) is treated with naloxone to reverse opioid effect or a neuromuscular blocking agent to facilitate ventilation.

Question 3

Which drug class is used to treat alcohol withdrawal seizures and delirium tremens during transport?

Accepted Answer

Benzodiazepines

Answer

Benzodiazepines (e.g., diazepam, lorazepam) are first-line for alcohol withdrawal because they enhance GABA-A inhibition and suppress autonomic hyperactivity.

Question 4

A patient with known anaphylaxis requires epinephrine. What is the correct IM dose and site for an adult?

Accepted Answer

0.3–0.5 mg in the anterolateral thigh

Answer

Epinephrine 0.3–0.5 mg (1:1,000) IM into the anterolateral thigh provides the fastest absorption and is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis.

Question 5

Which medication is used to rapidly reduce intracranial pressure during air transport of a TBI patient?

Accepted Answer

Hypertonic saline (3% NaCl) or mannitol

Answer

Hypertonic saline or mannitol creates an osmotic gradient that draws water out of brain tissue, acutely reducing intracranial pressure.

CFRN - Certified Flight Registered Nurse Practice Test

CFRN - Certified Flight Registered Nurse Practice Test

CFRN Critical Care Medications and Pharmacology 3