CET Cardiovascular Anatomy & Physiology 3

Question 1

Which of the following best describes preload in cardiac physiology?

Accepted Answer

End-diastolic volume stretching the ventricular wall

Answer

Preload refers to the degree of ventricular wall stretch at end-diastole, related to end-diastolic volume and venous return.

Question 2

The sinoatrial (SA) node is located in which part of the heart?

Accepted Answer

Right atrium near the superior vena cava

Answer

The SA node sits in the posterior wall of the right atrium near the junction with the superior vena cava and serves as the primary pacemaker.

Question 3

Which segment of the cardiac cycle is characterized by rising ventricular pressure with all valves closed?

Accepted Answer

Isovolumetric contraction

Answer

Isovolumetric contraction occurs after mitral valve closure and before aortic valve opening, with no change in ventricular volume.

Question 4

On a standard 2D echocardiogram, the moderator band is a structure seen in which chamber?

Accepted Answer

Right ventricle

Answer

The moderator band (septomarginal trabecula) crosses the right ventricular cavity and carries part of the right bundle branch.

Question 5

Which great vessel carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?

Accepted Answer

Pulmonary vein

Answer

Pulmonary veins (four in total) return oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium.

(CET) Certified Echocardiography Technician Practice Test