CELSA Logical Inference From Text 2

Question 1

Researchers found that forests in Region A lost 40% of their tree cover between 2000 and 2020, while neighboring Region B, which enacted strict logging bans in 2001, retained nearly all of its original forest. What can most logically be inferred?

Accepted Answer

Logging restrictions likely contributed to Region B's forest retention

Answer

The contrast between Region A's losses and Region B's retention—with logging bans as the key difference—supports inferring that the policy protected the forest.

Question 2

A clinical trial showed that patients who took a new medication reported 60% fewer headaches than the placebo group, though the medication caused mild nausea in 30% of participants. Which inference is most reasonable?

Accepted Answer

The medication's effectiveness must be weighed against its side effects

Answer

The drug is effective but has a notable side effect, so a rational conclusion is that the trade-off between benefit and risk must be considered.

Question 3

Historical records show that ancient cities located along major rivers grew significantly larger than inland cities. Merchants, farmers, and craftspeople all clustered near waterways. What can be inferred about the role of rivers in ancient civilization?

Accepted Answer

Rivers served as vital arteries for trade and sustenance

Answer

The convergence of merchants, farmers, and craftspeople near rivers points to rivers as essential for commerce and resources, not merely aesthetics or military use.

Question 4

Since the city installed 500 new trees in the downtown corridor, summer temperatures there dropped by an average of 3°F. A neighboring district with no new plantings showed no temperature change. What inference is best supported?

Accepted Answer

Urban tree coverage can reduce local heat levels

Answer

The controlled comparison—one district with trees versus one without, and only the first showing cooling—supports inferring that the trees caused the temperature drop.

Question 5

A survey found that employees working from home at least three days per week reported higher job satisfaction, but managers rated those same employees' collaboration skills lower than in-office peers. What can logically be inferred?

Accepted Answer

Remote work involves trade-offs between personal satisfaction and collaborative performance

Answer

The data show a gain in one area (satisfaction) and a loss in another (collaboration), which logically implies a trade-off rather than a clear winner.

(CELSA) Combined English Language Skills Assessment Practice Test

(CELSA) Combined English Language Skills Assessment Practice Test

CELSA Logical Inference From Text 2