CELSA Logical Inference From Text 2

Question 1

Researchers found that forests in Region A lost 40% of their tree cover between 2000 and 2020, while neighboring Region B, which enacted strict logging bans in 2001, retained nearly all of its original forest.
What can most logically be inferred?

Accepted Answer

Logging restrictions likely contributed to Region B's forest retention

Answer

Region A has richer soil quality than Region B

Answer

Region B receives significantly more rainfall than Region A

Answer

Wildlife populations are identical in both regions

Question 2

A clinical trial showed that patients who took a new medication reported 60% fewer headaches than the placebo group, though the medication caused mild nausea in 30% of participants. Which inference is most reasonable?

Accepted Answer

The medication's effectiveness must be weighed against its side effects

Answer

The medication should never be prescribed to anyone

Answer

All patients will experience nausea from the medication

Answer

The placebo group benefited more than the medication group

Question 3

Historical records show that ancient cities located along major rivers grew significantly larger than inland cities. Merchants, farmers, and craftspeople all clustered near waterways. What can be inferred about the role of rivers in ancient civilization?

Accepted Answer

Rivers served as vital arteries for trade and sustenance

Answer

Rivers were primarily valued for their scenic beauty

Answer

Rivers provided strategic military advantages above all else

Answer

Ancient people feared living far from rivers due to superstition

Question 4

Since the city installed 500 new trees in the downtown corridor, summer temperatures there dropped by an average of 3°F. A neighboring district with no new plantings showed no temperature change. What inference is best supported?

Accepted Answer

Urban tree coverage can reduce local heat levels

Answer

The tree species planted are invasive and harmful to the area

Answer

Temperature differences are caused by wind patterns rather than trees

Answer

The city plans to plant trees in every neighborhood next year

Question 5

A survey found that employees working from home at least three days per week reported higher job satisfaction, but managers rated those same employees' collaboration skills lower than in-office peers. What can logically be inferred?

Accepted Answer

Remote work involves trade-offs between personal satisfaction and collaborative performance

Answer

Remote work is universally superior to office work

Answer

Managers prefer in-office workers for reasons unrelated to performance

Answer

Job satisfaction and collaboration skills are equally easy to measure

Question 6

A highway bypass was built around a small town to reduce Main Street congestion. Two years later, Main Street shops reported a 40% decline in revenue. What can most likely be inferred?

Accepted Answer

Diverting traffic away from downtown reduced foot traffic and sales

Answer

The highway was poorly constructed and required costly repairs

Answer

Local residents stopped shopping entirely after the highway opened

Answer

The town's total population decreased significantly after the bypass opened

Question 7

A nutrition study found that participants consuming five or more servings of vegetables daily had lower rates of heart disease than those eating fewer than two servings, even after controlling for exercise and smoking. What is the most reasonable inference?

Accepted Answer

Higher vegetable consumption is associated with reduced heart disease risk

Answer

Vegetables are the only dietary factor influencing heart disease risk

Answer

Exercise habits matter more than diet for heart health

Answer

The study participants were unrepresentative of the general population