CCMA Anatomy and Physiology Basics 5

Question 1

Which type of muscle tissue is characterized by voluntary control, striated appearance, and multinucleated cells?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle

Answer

Skeletal muscle is under voluntary control, displays striations due to organized sarcomeres, and contains multiple nuclei per fiber.

Question 2

During inspiration, the diaphragm contracts and moves in which direction?

Accepted Answer

Inferiorly, increasing thoracic volume

Answer

Diaphragm contraction causes it to flatten and descend, increasing thoracic cavity volume and decreasing intrapulmonary pressure to draw air in.

Question 3

The hepatic portal vein carries nutrient-rich blood from which organ directly to the liver?

Accepted Answer

Small intestine

Answer

The hepatic portal vein primarily collects blood from the small intestine, delivering absorbed nutrients to the liver for processing.

Question 4

Which bone marking is a rounded projection that articulates with another bone to form a joint?

Accepted Answer

Condyle

Answer

A condyle is a rounded articular prominence on a bone that forms part of a synovial joint, such as the femoral condyles of the knee.

Question 5

Surfactant, which prevents alveolar collapse, is produced by which lung cells?

Accepted Answer

Type II pneumocytes

Answer

Type II pneumocytes (granular pneumocytes) synthesize and secrete pulmonary surfactant, reducing alveolar surface tension.

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