BHS Epidemiology 3

Question 1

Sensitivity of a screening test is defined as the probability of testing positive given that the person:

Accepted Answer

Has the disease

Answer

Sensitivity = true positives / (true positives + false negatives), measuring a test's ability to correctly identify those with disease.

Question 2

Which epidemiologic study design is most appropriate for studying a rare disease with a long latency period?

Accepted Answer

Case-control study

Answer

Case-control studies are efficient for rare diseases because they select cases directly rather than waiting for them to occur in a large cohort.

Question 3

The number of secondary cases generated by one infectious case in a fully susceptible population is called:

Accepted Answer

Basic reproduction number (R₀)

Answer

R₀ quantifies transmissibility; if R₀ > 1 the infection will spread, while R₀ < 1 leads to extinction.

Question 4

A dose-response relationship between an exposure and disease outcome is considered evidence of:

Accepted Answer

Causal association

Answer

A dose-response gradient is one of Hill's criteria supporting a causal relationship between exposure and disease.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a criterion in Bradford Hill's guidelines for causality?

Accepted Answer

Statistical significance alone

Answer

Hill's criteria include temporality, strength, consistency, specificity, plausibility, coherence, experiment, and analogy — statistical significance alone is not a criterion.

BHS - Bachelor of Health Science Practice Test

BHS - Bachelor of Health Science Practice Test

BHS Epidemiology 3