BHS Community and Public Health 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which level of prevention focuses on early detection and screening before symptoms appear?
- Primary prevention
- Secondary prevention (Correct answer)
- Tertiary prevention
- Quaternary prevention
Correct answer: Secondary prevention
Secondary prevention aims to detect disease early through screening (e.g., mammograms, blood pressure checks) to reduce severity.
Question 2: The social determinants of health (SDOH) primarily refer to:
- Genetic and hereditary risk factors
- Conditions in the environments where people live, work, and play that affect health (Correct answer)
- Individual lifestyle choices only
- Clinical factors measured during a physical exam
Correct answer: Conditions in the environments where people live, work, and play that affect health
SDOH encompass non-medical factors like income, education, housing, transportation, and neighborhood conditions that shape health outcomes.
Question 3: Which public health surveillance system monitors notifiable disease reports from states to the CDC?
- BRFSS
- NHANES
- NNDSS (Correct answer)
- YRBSS
Correct answer: NNDSS
The National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS) collects data on conditions that states are required to report to the CDC.
Question 4: Herd immunity is achieved when:
- Every individual in a population is vaccinated
- A sufficient proportion of a population is immune, protecting unvaccinated individuals (Correct answer)
- A pathogen mutates to become less virulent
- Public health officials declare an outbreak over
Correct answer: A sufficient proportion of a population is immune, protecting unvaccinated individuals
Herd immunity occurs when enough of a population is immune that disease transmission is effectively halted, protecting those who cannot be vaccinated.
Question 5: A community health needs assessment (CHNA) is required of nonprofit hospitals under which law?
- HIPAA
- EMTALA
- Affordable Care Act (ACA) Section 501(r) (Correct answer)
- COBRA
Correct answer: Affordable Care Act (ACA) Section 501(r)
ACA Section 501(r) requires nonprofit hospitals to conduct a CHNA every three years and adopt an implementation strategy to address identified needs.
Question 6: Which of the following is an example of a primary prevention strategy for cardiovascular disease?
- Cardiac rehabilitation after a heart attack
- Prescribing statins to high-risk patients
- Community-wide sodium reduction campaigns (Correct answer)
- Implanting a pacemaker
Correct answer: Community-wide sodium reduction campaigns
Primary prevention targets risk factors before disease occurs; community sodium reduction campaigns reduce hypertension risk in the general population.
BHS Community and Public Health 1
Which level of prevention focuses on early detection and screening before symptoms appear?