To find the pressure (psi), we must divide the tank’s total volume by the surface area of the bottom of the tank. The volume = 6 x 12 x 13 = 936 feet. Multiply it by 62.5 to convert it into pounds: 936 x 62.5 = 58,500. The bottom of the tank’s surface area is 12 ft x 13 ft = 144 inches x 156 inches. Since pressure is in pounds per square inch (psi), we have to convert to inches. The surface area is 22,464 inches. The psi is 58,500 / 22,464 is approximately 2.6.
The well pictured here uses a wheel and axle system. The movement at the wheel becomes smaller than the movement on the shaft, increasing the force on the shaft.
An object’s kinetic energy is defined as KE = ½(mv2 ). Reorienting, we find: 2KE = mv2 .
A single pulley changes the direction of effort: you pull the rope down in order to lift the object up instead of pushing up. The same amount of effort is required as without a pulley.
The third principle of hydraulics is the basis for Pascal’s Law and states that when pressure is applied to a fluid, the pressure is transmitted evenly throughout – in other words, how force is amplified within a hydraulic system.
When the distance of a life is the same as the distance the initial force travels, the force in will equal the force out. Making the wedge longer relative to its height (less slope) will change this by decreasing the amount of lift that takes place as the wedge is moved horizontally.
The block and tackle pulley system requires at least two or more pulleys. The bare minimum for this system is two.
Work is defined as the product of force in the direction of displacement. Here a force of 200 N is used over a displacement of 50 m. Consequently, the work performed is 200 N * 50 m = 10,000 J.
In a double-pulley system, the force is equal to the weight divided by two. It will require a 5 Kg force to lift a 10Kg weight.
Mass is the amount of matter in an object; weight is the force exerted on an object due to gravity.
Horsepower is a unit used to rate internal combustion engines. One horsepower is the equivalent of 746 watts.
An object’s potential energy is equal to its mass times its acceleration due to gravity times its height, or PE = mgh.
This machine pictured is a second-class lever. An example of a second-class lever is a wheelbarrow.
The force of the second child landing on the seesaw will propel the other end of the seesaw into the air.
Gravity is a type of force, and since force has magnitude and direction it is known as a vector quantity.
The quantities of torque and speed are inversely proportional. When one increases, the other decreases.
