Anatomy Exam Upper Gastrointestinal Tract 5

Question 1

Which ligament connects the lesser curvature of the stomach to the liver?

Accepted Answer

Hepatogastric ligament

Answer

The hepatogastric ligament is the portion of the lesser omentum that stretches from the porta hepatis to the lesser curvature of the stomach.

Question 2

The short gastric arteries, which supply the fundus of the stomach, arise from which vessel?

Accepted Answer

Splenic artery

Answer

The short gastric arteries (vasa brevia) arise from the splenic artery near the splenic hilum and travel through the gastrosplenic ligament to supply the fundus.

Question 3

What is the name of the peritoneal recess posterior to the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Omental bursa (lesser sac)

Answer

The omental bursa (lesser sac) is the potential space posterior to the stomach and lesser omentum, communicating with the greater sac through the epiploic foramen.

Question 4

Which part of the autonomic nervous system stimulates gastric acid secretion?

Accepted Answer

Parasympathetic (craniosacral) division

Answer

Parasympathetic stimulation via the vagus nerve activates parietal cells to secrete HCl and also promotes gastrin release from G cells.

Question 5

The superior mesenteric artery (SMA) can compress the duodenum against the aorta — which part is most vulnerable?

Accepted Answer

Third part

Answer

The third (horizontal) part of the duodenum crosses between the SMA anteriorly and the aorta/vertebral column posteriorly, making it susceptible to SMA syndrome.

Anatomy Exam Practice Test

Anatomy Exam Practice Test

Anatomy Exam Upper Gastrointestinal Tract 5