Anatomy Exam Upper Gastrointestinal Tract 2

Question 1

Which layer of the esophageal wall is responsible for peristaltic contractions in the upper third?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle

Answer

The upper third of the esophagus contains skeletal muscle that enables voluntary initiation of swallowing.

Question 2

What is the anatomical term for the junction between the esophagus and the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Gastroesophageal junction

Answer

The gastroesophageal junction (cardia) is where the esophagus meets the stomach and is the site of the lower esophageal sphincter.

Question 3

Which arterial branch primarily supplies the lesser curvature of the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Left gastric artery

Answer

The left gastric artery, a branch of the celiac trunk, is the primary supply to the lesser curvature of the stomach.

Question 4

The duodenum is divided into four parts; which part crosses the vertebral column?

Accepted Answer

Third (horizontal) part

Answer

The third (horizontal) part of the duodenum crosses the midline at the level of L3, passing anterior to the aorta and IVC.

Question 5

Which structure passes through the hepatoduodenal ligament alongside the portal vein and hepatic artery?

Accepted Answer

Common bile duct

Answer

The hepatoduodenal ligament (free edge of the lesser omentum) contains the portal vein, hepatic artery proper, and common bile duct — together called the portal triad.

Anatomy Exam Practice Test

Anatomy Exam Practice Test

Anatomy Exam Upper Gastrointestinal Tract 2