Anatomy Exam Gross Anatomy of the Kidney 5

Question 1

Which muscle forms the floor of the renal bed posteriorly?

Accepted Answer

Quadratus lumborum

Answer

The quadratus lumborum muscle forms a large part of the posterior renal bed and is in direct contact with the posterior kidney.

Question 2

The peritoneum covers which surface of the kidney?

Accepted Answer

Anterior surface

Answer

The kidneys are retroperitoneal, so only their anterior surfaces are partially covered by peritoneum.

Question 3

During a nephrectomy, the surgeon ligates the renal pedicle. What is the correct order of structures ligated from superficial to deep (anterior to posterior)?

Accepted Answer

Vein, artery, ureter

Answer

In the renal hilum from anterior to posterior the order is vein, artery, ureter; the vein is thus ligated first.

Question 4

Cortical nephrons differ from juxtamedullary nephrons primarily in the length of their:

Accepted Answer

Loop of Henle

Answer

Juxtamedullary nephrons have long loops of Henle that extend deep into the medulla, while cortical nephrons have short loops.

Question 5

Which vessel runs within the renal columns between pyramids?

Accepted Answer

Interlobar artery

Answer

Interlobar arteries course within the renal columns (columns of Bertin) between adjacent pyramids toward the corticomedullary junction.

Anatomy Exam Practice Test

Anatomy Exam Practice Test

Anatomy Exam Gross Anatomy of the Kidney 5