AMC MCQ Paediatrics and Child Health 2

Question 1

A 6-week-old presents with non-bilious projectile vomiting and a palpable olive-shaped epigastric mass. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Pyloric stenosis

Answer

Non-bilious projectile vomiting with a palpable olive in a baby around 4-8 weeks is classic for hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.

Question 2

A child with pyloric stenosis typically shows which biochemical abnormality?

Accepted Answer

Hypochloraemic hypokalaemic metabolic alkalosis

Answer

Loss of gastric acid through vomiting produces a hypochloraemic, hypokalaemic metabolic alkalosis.

Question 3

What is the initial management priority before surgery in an infant with pyloric stenosis?

Accepted Answer

Fluid and electrolyte correction

Answer

Pyloromyotomy is not an emergency; fluid and electrolyte resuscitation must be completed first.

Question 4

A 2-year-old presents with intermittent severe colicky abdominal pain, drawing up the legs, and 'redcurrant jelly' stools. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Intussusception

Answer

Paroxysmal colic, leg-drawing and redcurrant jelly stool are hallmarks of intussusception.

Question 5

What is the first-line treatment for ileocolic intussusception in a stable child without peritonitis?

Accepted Answer

Air or contrast enema reduction

Answer

Non-operative reduction with an air (pneumatic) or contrast enema is first-line when there are no signs of perforation or peritonitis.

AMC MCQ Practice Test

AMC MCQ Practice Test

AMC MCQ Paediatrics and Child Health 2