AMC MCQ Paediatrics and Child Health 2

Question 1

A 6-week-old presents with non-bilious projectile vomiting and a palpable olive-shaped epigastric mass. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Pyloric stenosis

Answer

Duodenal atresia

Answer

Gastro-oesophageal reflux

Answer

Malrotation with volvulus

Question 2

A child with pyloric stenosis typically shows which biochemical abnormality?

Accepted Answer

Hypochloraemic hypokalaemic metabolic alkalosis

Answer

Metabolic acidosis with high anion gap

Answer

Hyperchloraemic acidosis

Answer

Respiratory alkalosis

Question 3

What is the initial management priority before surgery in an infant with pyloric stenosis?

Accepted Answer

Fluid and electrolyte correction

Answer

Immediate pyloromyotomy

Answer

Start oral feeds

Answer

Administer antibiotics

Question 4

A 2-year-old presents with intermittent severe colicky abdominal pain, drawing up the legs, and 'redcurrant jelly' stools. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Intussusception

Answer

Appendicitis

Answer

Mesenteric adenitis

Answer

Constipation

Question 5

What is the first-line treatment for ileocolic intussusception in a stable child without peritonitis?

Accepted Answer

Air or contrast enema reduction

Answer

Immediate laparotomy

Answer

Nasogastric decompression alone

Answer

Oral rehydration and observation

Question 6

A neonate has bilious vomiting in the first day of life. What is the most concerning diagnosis to exclude urgently?

Accepted Answer

Malrotation with midgut volvulus

Answer

Gastro-oesophageal reflux

Answer

Overfeeding

Answer

Pyloric stenosis

Question 7

Which investigation is the gold standard to diagnose malrotation?

Accepted Answer

Upper GI contrast study

Answer

Abdominal ultrasound

Answer

Plain abdominal X-ray

Answer

CT abdomen