AMC MCQ - Australian Medical Council Multiple Choice Questions Population Health and Epidemiology Questions and Answers

Question 1

Researchers wish to investigate a potential link between a rare form of liver cancer and exposure to a specific industrial solvent.
They identify 100 individuals with this cancer from a national registry and select 200 individuals without the cancer from the general population.
A detailed occupational history is then taken from all participants to determine past exposure to the solvent.
Which of the following best describes this study design?

Accepted Answer

Case-control study

Answer

Randomised controlled trial

Answer

Cohort study

Answer

Cross-sectional study

Question 2

A public health program offers free influenza vaccinations to all healthcare workers before the flu season begins. This initiative aims to prevent the workers from contracting influenza and spreading it to vulnerable patients. Which level of prevention does this activity represent?

Accepted Answer

Primary prevention

Answer

Tertiary prevention

Answer

Secondary prevention

Answer

Primordial prevention

Question 3

In a hospital-based case-control study investigating risk factors for acute pancreatitis, cases are patients admitted with the condition. The investigators select controls from the orthopaedic ward, consisting of patients admitted for elective knee replacement surgery. The study finds a strong association between high alcohol consumption and pancreatitis. Which type of bias is the most significant concern for the validity of these findings?

Accepted Answer

Selection bias

Answer

Recall bias

Answer

Observer bias

Answer

Confounding

Question 4

According to the Wilson and Jungner criteria, which of the following is an essential principle for a successful and ethical population-based screening program?

Accepted Answer

There should be an accepted and available treatment for the condition if detected.

Answer

The screening test must have 100% sensitivity.

Answer

The condition must have a very high prevalence in the population.

Answer

The natural history of the condition does not need to be well understood.

Question 5

In a stable population of 50,000 people, there were 1,000 existing cases of diagnosed osteoarthritis at the start of a year. Over the course of that year, 200 new cases were diagnosed. What was the incidence rate of osteoarthritis per 1,000 people for that year?

Accepted Answer

4.1

Answer

4.0

Answer

24.0

Answer

5.0

Question 6

Which measure of association is most appropriately calculated in a cohort study to compare the incidence of disease in an exposed group to the incidence in an unexposed group?

Accepted Answer

Relative Risk (RR)

Answer

Odds Ratio (OR)

Answer

Prevalence Rate

Answer

Attributable Risk