ADEX Managing Medical Emergencies 2

Question 1

A patient suddenly becomes pale, diaphoretic, and reports feeling faint during scaling. What is the most likely emergency?

Accepted Answer

Vasovagal syncope

Answer

Vasovagal syncope (fainting) classically presents with pallor, diaphoresis, and pre-syncope triggered by anxiety or pain during dental procedures.

Question 2

What is the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio when performing adult CPR with two rescuers?

Accepted Answer

30:2

Answer

The AHA recommends a 30:2 compression-to-ventilation ratio for adult CPR regardless of whether one or two rescuers are present.

Question 3

A patient with a known peanut allergy develops generalized urticaria and throat tightness five minutes after receiving a topical anesthetic. Which drug should be administered first?

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine 1:1000 IM

Answer

Epinephrine 1:1000 administered IM into the mid-outer thigh is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis because it reverses airway obstruction and hypotension rapidly.

Question 4

During a procedure, a patient with a history of epilepsy experiences a generalized tonic-clonic seizure. What is the dental hygienist's FIRST action?

Accepted Answer

Clear the area of sharp objects and protect the patient from injury

Answer

The priority is to prevent injury by moving sharp instruments away and cushioning the patient's head — never restrain the patient or place anything in the mouth.

Question 5

Which sign differentiates a hypoglycemic episode from a hyperglycemic one in a diabetic dental patient?

Accepted Answer

Rapid onset of symptoms

Answer

Hypoglycemia has a rapid onset (minutes to hours), while hyperglycemia develops slowly over hours to days; fruity breath and dry flushed skin indicate hyperglycemia.

ADEX - Dental Hygiene Exam Practice Test

ADEX - Dental Hygiene Exam Practice Test

ADEX Managing Medical Emergencies 2