ADEX Management of Medical Emergencies 2

Question 1

A patient begins experiencing an asthma attack during a dental procedure. After stopping treatment, what is the FIRST action the dental hygienist should take?

Accepted Answer

Have the patient use their bronchodilator inhaler

Answer

The first step in managing an acute asthma attack is to have the patient self-administer their prescribed bronchodilator (rescue inhaler) while placed in an upright position.

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the signs of hypoglycemia in a dental patient?

Accepted Answer

Diaphoresis, confusion, and shakiness with rapid onset

Answer

Hypoglycemia presents with diaphoresis (sweating), confusion, and trembling due to rapid blood glucose drop, distinguishing it from hyperglycemia which has a slower onset.

Question 3

A patient with a known peanut allergy develops hives, itching, and swelling of the lips shortly after a procedure. The dental hygienist suspects anaphylaxis is developing. What is the drug of choice?

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine 1:1000 IM into the anterolateral thigh

Answer

Epinephrine 1:1000 administered intramuscularly into the anterolateral thigh is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis due to its rapid alpha and beta adrenergic effects.

Question 4

During a dental appointment, a patient suddenly loses consciousness and has no pulse. In what ratio should compressions to ventilations be performed for adult CPR by two rescuers?

Accepted Answer

30:2

Answer

Current AHA guidelines recommend a 30:2 compression-to-ventilation ratio for adult CPR with two rescuers, ensuring adequate chest compressions with minimal interruptions.

Question 5

A patient with a history of angina reports chest pain that is not relieved after one nitroglycerin tablet. What is the appropriate next step?

Accepted Answer

Administer a second nitroglycerin tablet after 5 minutes and call EMS if pain persists after a third dose

Answer

If one nitroglycerin tablet does not relieve chest pain, a second may be given after 5 minutes; if pain persists after a third dose, EMS must be activated as myocardial infarction is suspected.

ADEX - Dental Hygiene Exam Practice Test

ADEX - Dental Hygiene Exam Practice Test

ADEX Management of Medical Emergencies 2