ABT Clinical Toxicology

Question 1

Which antidote is used to treat acetaminophen overdose by replenishing glutathione stores?

Accepted Answer

N-acetylcysteine

Answer

N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is the standard antidote for acetaminophen overdose, acting as a glutathione precursor to prevent hepatotoxicity.

Question 2

The Rumack-Matthew nomogram is used to assess overdose risk from which substance?

Accepted Answer

Acetaminophen

Answer

The Rumack-Matthew nomogram plots serum acetaminophen concentration against time post-ingestion to predict hepatotoxicity risk.

Question 3

Which toxidrome is characterized by miosis, bradycardia, excessive secretions, and bronchospasm?

Accepted Answer

Cholinergic

Answer

The cholinergic toxidrome results from excess acetylcholine activity and is remembered by the mnemonic SLUDGE (Salivation, Lacrimation, Urination, Defecation, GI distress, Emesis).

Question 4

Which specific antidote reverses benzodiazepine-induced CNS and respiratory depression?

Accepted Answer

Flumazenil

Answer

Flumazenil is a competitive benzodiazepine receptor antagonist used to reverse benzodiazepine sedation and respiratory depression.

Question 5

A patient presents with altered mental status, metabolic acidosis, and an elevated osmol gap. Which toxin is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Ethylene glycol

Answer

Ethylene glycol ingestion causes an elevated osmol gap early and an elevated anion gap metabolic acidosis as it is metabolized to oxalic acid.

ABT - American Board of Toxicology Practice Test

ABT - American Board of Toxicology Practice Test

ABT Clinical Toxicology