Weight Loss Weight Loss Medical 2

Question 1

What is insulin resistance and how does it contribute to weight gain and difficulty losing weight?

Accepted Answer

A condition where cells don't respond normally to insulin, leading to elevated blood sugar and fat storage

Answer

Insulin resistance causes the pancreas to produce excess insulin, which promotes fat storage (especially visceral fat) and makes it harder for the body to access stored fat for energy.

Question 2

Which condition is characterized by excess androgens in women, insulin resistance, and weight gain concentrated around the abdomen?

Accepted Answer

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

Answer

PCOS is associated with insulin resistance, elevated androgens, and central adiposity, making weight loss particularly challenging without targeted medical and lifestyle interventions.

Question 3

What does 'waist circumference' measure that BMI alone does not capture for assessing weight-related health risk?

Accepted Answer

Abdominal visceral fat accumulation

Answer

Waist circumference measures abdominal obesity (visceral fat), which is a stronger predictor of cardiometabolic disease than BMI alone, which doesn't distinguish fat distribution.

Question 4

What is the primary mechanism by which type 2 diabetes improves with weight loss, even before reaching a 'normal' BMI?

Accepted Answer

Reduced visceral fat improves insulin sensitivity and lowers blood glucose

Answer

Losing visceral fat reduces fat-induced inflammation and lipotoxicity in the liver and pancreas, significantly improving insulin sensitivity and glycemic control.

Question 5

Which FDA-approved over-the-counter weight loss medication works by blocking dietary fat absorption in the gut?

Accepted Answer

Orlistat (Alli)

Answer

Orlistat (sold OTC as Alli) inhibits pancreatic lipase, blocking about 30% of dietary fat absorption and reducing caloric intake from fat.

Weight Loss Practice Test

Weight Loss Practice Test

Weight Loss Weight Loss Medical 2