Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal Distinguishing Facts from Inferences 2

Question 1

A report states: 'The factory released 200 tons of carbon dioxide last year.' Which response best classifies this statement?

Accepted Answer

It is a fact because it contains a specific measurable figure.

Answer

A specific, measurable claim based on observable data qualifies as a factual statement.

Question 2

A student says, 'Because it rained every day this week, it will probably rain tomorrow.' This statement is best described as:

Accepted Answer

An inference drawn from a pattern of observations.

Answer

Drawing a conclusion about the future based on past observations is an inference, not an established fact.

Question 3

Which of the following is a statement of FACT rather than inference?

Accepted Answer

The survey collected responses from 1,400 participants.

Answer

The number of survey respondents is a directly verifiable, observable datum.

Question 4

A manager concludes: 'Sales dropped 15% last quarter, so our marketing strategy must be failing.' The phrase 'must be failing' represents:

Accepted Answer

An inference because other causes could explain the drop.

Answer

Attributing the drop specifically to marketing failure goes beyond what the sales data alone establishes.

Question 5

Passage: 'The bridge was built in 1952 and has never been closed for repairs.' A reader concludes, 'The bridge is structurally sound.' This conclusion is:

Accepted Answer

An inference that may or may not be true.

Answer

The absence of repairs does not confirm structural soundness; the conclusion goes beyond what the passage states.

Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal Practice Test

Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal Practice Test

Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal Distinguishing Facts from Inferences 2