Vision and Ophthalmology Pediatric Ophthalmology

Question 1

What is amblyopia?

Accepted Answer

Reduced visual acuity in one or both eyes not correctable by glasses alone

Answer

Amblyopia (lazy eye) is reduced best-corrected visual acuity caused by abnormal visual development, not explained by structural ocular disease.

Question 2

What is the most common cause of amblyopia in children?

Accepted Answer

Strabismus

Answer

Strabismic amblyopia is the most common form, occurring when the brain suppresses the image from a misaligned eye to avoid diplopia.

Question 3

At what age is the visual system most plastic and amblyopia treatment most effective?

Accepted Answer

Under 7–8 years

Answer

The critical period for visual development closes around age 7–8; treatment is most effective before this window closes.

Question 4

Which type of strabismus involves an eye turning inward toward the nose?

Accepted Answer

Esotropia

Answer

Esotropia is defined as convergent strabismus—the eye deviates inward (toward the nose).

Question 5

The Hirschberg test assesses what in pediatric eye exams?

Accepted Answer

Corneal light reflex symmetry to detect strabismus

Answer

The Hirschberg (corneal light reflex) test shines a light at the eyes and checks whether the reflected reflex is centered and symmetric, screening for strabismus.

Vision and Ophthalmology Practice Test

Vision and Ophthalmology Practice Test

Vision and Ophthalmology Pediatric Ophthalmology