Vision and Ophthalmology Ocular Anatomy and Physiology 3

Question 1

The trabecular meshwork drains aqueous humor into which structure?

Accepted Answer

Schlemm's canal

Answer

Aqueous humor flows through the trabecular meshwork into Schlemm's canal, then into episcleral veins.

Question 2

Which muscle of the eye is responsible for intorsion and depression when the eye is in the adducted position?

Accepted Answer

Superior oblique

Answer

The superior oblique muscle, innervated by CN IV (trochlear nerve), intorts the eye and depresses it most effectively when the eye is adducted.

Question 3

What is the primary function of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytose shed photoreceptor outer segments

Answer

The RPE daily phagocytoses shed outer segments of photoreceptors, recycles visual pigments, and maintains photoreceptor health.

Question 4

The cornea derives its nutrients primarily from:

Accepted Answer

Aqueous humor and tear film

Answer

The avascular cornea receives nutrients from the aqueous humor posteriorly and the precorneal tear film anteriorly.

Question 5

Which portion of the optic nerve is visible during fundoscopy?

Accepted Answer

Optic disc (nerve head)

Answer

The optic disc (optic nerve head) is the only portion of the optic nerve visible on fundoscopy, appearing as a pale disc nasal to the fovea.

Vision and Ophthalmology Practice Test