Urgent Care Urgent Care Respiratory Infections 2

Question 1

Which pathogen is the most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia in adults in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Answer

Streptococcus pneumoniae remains the most common bacterial cause of community-acquired pneumonia in adults in the US.

Question 2

A patient with influenza presents 36 hours after symptom onset. Which antiviral therapy is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) 75 mg twice daily for 5 days

Answer

Oseltamivir is effective when started within 48 hours of symptom onset and is the first-line antiviral for influenza.

Question 3

Which clinical feature distinguishes croup from epiglottitis in a child with stridor?

Accepted Answer

Barking cough and gradual onset in croup vs. drooling and toxic appearance in epiglottitis

Answer

Croup typically presents with a barking cough and gradual onset, while epiglottitis presents acutely with drooling, tripod positioning, and a toxic appearance.

Question 4

What is the first-line treatment for mild-to-moderate asthma exacerbation in urgent care?

Accepted Answer

Short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA) via nebulizer or MDI with spacer

Answer

Short-acting beta-2 agonists (albuterol) delivered via nebulizer or MDI with spacer are the cornerstone of acute asthma exacerbation treatment.

Question 5

A patient is diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia. Which PSI/PORT score would support outpatient management?

Accepted Answer

PSI Class I or II (low risk)

Answer

PSI Class I and II indicate low mortality risk and support outpatient treatment for community-acquired pneumonia.

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Urgent Care Urgent Care Respiratory Infections 2