Urgent Care Urgent Care Respiratory Infections 2

Question 1

Which pathogen is the most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia in adults in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Answer

Haemophilus influenzae

Answer

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Answer

Legionella pneumophila

Question 2

A patient with influenza presents 36 hours after symptom onset. Which antiviral therapy is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) 75 mg twice daily for 5 days

Answer

No antiviral — beyond treatment window

Answer

Zanamivir inhaled once daily for 3 days

Answer

Amantadine 200 mg once daily for 5 days

Question 3

Which clinical feature distinguishes croup from epiglottitis in a child with stridor?

Accepted Answer

Barking cough and gradual onset in croup vs. drooling and toxic appearance in epiglottitis

Answer

Presence of fever

Answer

Age of the patient alone

Answer

Stridor only during inspiration

Question 4

What is the first-line treatment for mild-to-moderate asthma exacerbation in urgent care?

Accepted Answer

Short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA) via nebulizer or MDI with spacer

Answer

Oral corticosteroids alone

Answer

Intravenous magnesium sulfate

Answer

Antibiotics for presumed infection

Question 5

A patient is diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia. Which PSI/PORT score would support outpatient management?

Accepted Answer

PSI Class I or II (low risk)

Answer

PSI Class IV (score 91–130)

Answer

PSI Class V (score >130)

Answer

PSI Class III with SpO2 88%

Question 6

What is the most common cause of acute bronchitis in adults presenting to urgent care?

Accepted Answer

Viral pathogens (rhinovirus, influenza, RSV)

Answer

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Answer

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Answer

Haemophilus influenzae