TExES Exam Science 7-12 3

Question 1

Which law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only converted from one form to another?

Accepted Answer

First Law of Thermodynamics

Answer

The First Law of Thermodynamics states that the total energy of an isolated system is constant — energy is conserved.

Question 2

A 9th-grade student claims that evolution means individual organisms change during their lifetime. How should the teacher respond?

Accepted Answer

Correct the misconception: evolution is the change in allele frequencies in a population over generations

Answer

Evolution refers to changes in allele frequencies across a population over generations, not changes within a single organism's lifetime.

Question 3

Which force holds protons and neutrons together in the atomic nucleus?

Accepted Answer

Strong nuclear force

Answer

The strong nuclear force overcomes electromagnetic repulsion between protons to bind nucleons (protons and neutrons) together in the nucleus.

Question 4

In a food web, organisms that produce their own food through photosynthesis are called:

Accepted Answer

Producers

Answer

Producers (autotrophs) are the base of food webs because they convert light energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis.

Question 5

Which celestial phenomenon causes the phases of the Moon as seen from Earth?

Accepted Answer

The changing angle of sunlight illuminating the Moon as it orbits Earth

Answer

Moon phases result from the changing angle at which the Sun illuminates the Moon's surface as the Moon orbits Earth.

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